Co-Benefits to Children’s Health of the U.S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative

While various policies have been implemented globally to mitigate climate change and reduce exposure to toxic air pollutants, policy assessments have considered few if any of the benefits to children. To comprehensively assess the co-benefits of climate change mitigation to children, we expanded the...

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Vydáno v:	Environmental health perspectives Ročník 128; číslo 7; s. 77006
Hlavní autoři:	Perera, Frederica, Cooley, David, Berberian, Alique, Mills, David, Kinney, Patrick
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 01.07.2020 Environmental Health Perspectives
Témata:	Air Pollutants Air pollution Air Pollution - prevention & control Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data Air pollution control Analysis Asthma Auctions Autism Bronchitis Carbon dioxide Child Child Health Childhood asthma Children Childrens health Climate change Climate change mitigation Conservation of Natural Resources Cost analysis Cost estimates Electric power Electricity Electricity distribution Emission standards Emissions Emissions control Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data Environmental Policy Environmental protection Exposure Fossil fuels Global temperature changes Greenhouse effect Greenhouse Gases Humans Infant mortality Low birth weight Mapping Outdoor air quality Particulate emissions Particulate Matter Pollutants Premature birth Prenatal experience Respiratory diseases Systematic review New York United Kingdom Massachusetts Vermont Rhode Island United States > US Maine Delaware New Jersey Pennsylvania West Virginia New Hampshire Connecticut Maryland Virginia
ISSN:	0091-6765, 1552-9924, 1552-9924
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Shrnutí:	While various policies have been implemented globally to mitigate climate change and reduce exposure to toxic air pollutants, policy assessments have considered few if any of the benefits to children. To comprehensively assess the co-benefits of climate change mitigation to children, we expanded the suite of adverse health outcomes in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP) to include additional outcomes associated with prenatal and childhood exposure to ambient fine particulate matter ( ). We applied this newly expanded program to an assessment of the U.S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), the United States' first regional market-based regulatory program designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the electric power sector within the Northeast. We used calculated changes in ambient concentrations for the period 2009-2014, with newly incorporated concentration-response (C-R) functions to quantify changes in the incidence of preterm birth (PTB), term low birth weight (TLBW), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and asthma. These outcomes are causally or likely to be causally related to exposure. Cost per case estimates were incorporated to monetize those changes in incidence. The estimated avoided cases of adverse child health outcomes included 537 asthma cases, 112 preterm births, 98 cases of ASD, and 56 cases of TLBW, with an associated avoided cost estimate ranging from $191 to $350 million. In a previous analysis of health benefits of RGGI, the only benefits accruing to children were limited to prevented cases of infant mortality and respiratory illnesses, with a monetized impact of $8.1 million-only 2-4% of the new results attributable to RGGI. The results of this innovative analysis indicate that RGGI has provided substantial child health benefits beyond those initially considered. Moreover, those health benefits had significant estimated economic value. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6706.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0091-6765 1552-9924 1552-9924
DOI:	10.1289/EHP6706