Depot-specific differences in inflammatory mediators and a role for NK cells and IFN-gamma in inflammation in human adipose tissue

Background: Adipose tissue is a primary in vivo site of inflammation in obesity. Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT), when compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), imparts an increased risk of obesity-related comorbidities and mortality, and exhibits differences in inflammation. Defining depo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Obesity Vol. 33; no. 9; pp. 978 - 990
Main Authors: O'Rourke, R.W, Metcalf M.D, White, A.E, Madala, A, Winters, B.R, Maizlin, I.I, Jobe, B.A, Roberts, C.T. Jr, Slifka, M.K, Marks, D.L
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.09.2009
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
adipose tissue
Adipose tissues
Adult
Bariatric Surgery
Biochemical assays
Biological and medical sciences
cytokines
Diagnosis
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Epidemiology
Female
flow cytometry
Gene Expression Regulation
Genetic transcription
genetics
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
in vitro studies
Inflammation
Inflammation Mediators
Inflammation Mediators - metabolism
interferon-gamma
Interferon-gamma - genetics
Interferon-gamma - metabolism
interferons
Internal Medicine
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Intra-Abdominal Fat - metabolism
Killer Cells, Natural
Killer Cells, Natural - metabolism
macrophages
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
metabolism
Methods
morbidity
mortality
natural killer cells
Obesity
Obesity - genetics
Obesity - metabolism
original-article
Panniculitis
Panniculitis - metabolism
phenotype
Properties
Public Health
stromovascular cell fractions
Subcutaneous Fat
Subcutaneous Fat - metabolism
T-lymphocytes
transcription factors
women
adipose tissue
IFN-γ
NK cells
inflammation
Human
Obesity
Adipose tissue
Nutrition
Nutrition disorder
Metabolic diseases
Inflammation
Natural killer cell
Mediator
Nutritional status
Comparative study
Gamma interferon
ISSN:0307-0565, 1476-5497, 1476-5497
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background: Adipose tissue is a primary in vivo site of inflammation in obesity. Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT), when compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), imparts an increased risk of obesity-related comorbidities and mortality, and exhibits differences in inflammation. Defining depot-specific differences in inflammatory function may reveal underlying mechanisms of adipose-tissue-based inflammation. Methods: Stromovascular cell fractions (SVFs) from VAT and SAT from obese humans undergoing bariatric surgery were studied in an in vitro culture system with transcriptional profiling, flow cytometric phenotyping, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and intracellular cytokine staining. Results: Transcriptional profiling of SVF revealed differences in inflammatory transcript levels in VAT relative to SAT, including elevated interferon- (IFN-) transcript levels. VAT demonstrated a broad leukocytosis relative to SAT that included macrophages, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. IFN- induced a proinflammatory cytokine expression pattern in SVF and adipose tissue macrophages (ATM). NK cells, which constitutively expressed IFN-, were present at higher frequency in VAT relative to SAT. Both T and NK cells from SVF expressed IFN- on activation, which was associated with tumor necrosis factor- expression in macrophages. Conclusion: These data suggest involvement of NK cells and IFN- in regulating ATM phenotype and function in human obesity and a potential mechanism for the adverse physiologic effects of VAT.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.133
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ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/ijo.2009.133