The Genetic and Environmental Factors for Keratoconus

Keratoconus (KC) is the most common cornea ectatic disorder. It is characterized by a cone-shaped thin cornea leading to myopia, irregular astigmatism, and vision impairment. It affects all ethnic groups and both genders. Both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to its pathogenesis. Thi...

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Veröffentlicht in:BioMed research international Jg. 2015; H. 2015; S. 1 - 19
Hauptverfasser: Liu, Yutao, Shneor, Einat, Millodot, Michel, Gordon-Shaag, Ariela
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01.01.2015
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Schlagworte:
Astigmatism
Astigmatism - etiology
Astigmatism - genetics
Astigmatism - pathology
Biomedical research
Cellular biology
Environmental aspects
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Genetic Linkage
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genomes
Humans
Keratoconus
Keratoconus - complications
Keratoconus - genetics
Keratoconus - metabolism
Keratoconus - pathology
Mitochondrial DNA
Mutation
Myopia
Myopia - etiology
Myopia - genetics
Myopia - pathology
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Patients
Review
Studies
Topography
Women
ISSN:2314-6133, 2314-6141
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Keratoconus (KC) is the most common cornea ectatic disorder. It is characterized by a cone-shaped thin cornea leading to myopia, irregular astigmatism, and vision impairment. It affects all ethnic groups and both genders. Both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to its pathogenesis. This review is to summarize the current research development in KC epidemiology and genetic etiology. Environmental factors include but are not limited to eye rubbing, atopy, sun exposure, and geography. Genetic discoveries have been reviewed with evidence from family-based linkage analysis and fine mapping in linkage region, genome-wide association studies, and candidate genes analyses. A number of genes have been discovered at a relatively rapid pace. The detailed molecular mechanism underlying KC pathogenesis will significantly advance our understanding of KC and promote the development of potential therapies.
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Academic Editor: Hao Deng
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2015/795738