Presence of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 plasma

Neutralizing-antibody (nAb) is the major focus of most ongoing COVID-19 vaccine trials. However, nAb response against SARS-CoV-2, when present, decays rapidly. Given the myriad roles of antibodies in immune responses, it is possible that antibodies could also mediate protection against SARS-CoV-2 vi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one Vol. 16; no. 3; p. e0247640
Main Authors: Tso, For Yue, Lidenge, Salum J., Poppe, Lisa K., Peña, Phoebe B., Privatt, Sara R., Bennett, Sydney J., Ngowi, John R., Mwaiselage, Julius, Belshan, Michael, Siedlik, Jacob A., Raine, Morgan A., Ochoa, Juan B., Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Nossaman, Bobby, Buckner, Lyndsey, Roberts, W. Mark, Dean, Matthew J., Ochoa, Augusto C., West, John T., Wood, Charles
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 04.03.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
2-Mercaptoethanol
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Amino acids
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood
Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
Biochemistry
Biology and life sciences
Blood plasma
Cancer
CD16 antigen
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - blood
COVID-19 - immunology
Cytotoxicity
Degranulation
Editing
Effector cells
Epidemics
Female
Folic acid
Genetic aspects
Glutamine
Health aspects
Health care facilities
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin G - immunology
Immunology
Inositol
Internal medicine
Male
Medicine
Medicine and health sciences
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Natural killer cells
Oceans
Opsonization
Pandemics
Pediatrics
Perforin
Physiological aspects
Plasma
Prevention
Pyruvic acid
Research and Analysis Methods
Roads
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sodium
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium pyruvate
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
Surgery
Toxicity
United States
Vaccines
Viral diseases
Virology
Viruses
Visualization
Young Adult
United States
Louisiana
United States > US
Tanzania
Nebraska
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Neutralizing-antibody (nAb) is the major focus of most ongoing COVID-19 vaccine trials. However, nAb response against SARS-CoV-2, when present, decays rapidly. Given the myriad roles of antibodies in immune responses, it is possible that antibodies could also mediate protection against SARS-CoV-2 via effector mechanisms such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), which we sought to explore here. Plasma of 3 uninfected controls and 20 subjects exposed to, or recovering from, SARS-CoV-2 infection were collected from U.S. and sub-Saharan Africa. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in the plasma samples. SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralizing capability of these plasmas was assessed with SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus. ADCC activity was assessed with a calcein release assay. SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies were detected in all COVID-19 subjects studied. All but three COVID-19 subjects contained nAb at high potency (>80% neutralization). Plasma from 19/20 of COVID-19 subjects also demonstrated strong ADCC activity against SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, including two individuals without nAb against SARS-CoV-2. Both neutralizing and non-neutralizing COVID-19 plasmas can mediate ADCC. Our findings argue that evaluation of potential vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 should include investigation of the magnitude and durability of ADCC, in addition to nAb.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0247640