Patient Reported Differences in Dry Eye Disease between Men and Women: Impact, Management, and Patient Satisfaction

Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients' lives and vision might differ by sex. Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women's Health St...

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Vydané v:	PloS one Ročník 8; číslo 9; s. e76121
Hlavní autori:	Schaumberg, Debra A., Uchino, Miki, Christen, William G., Semba, Richard D., Buring, Julie E., Li, Jim Z.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	United States Public Library of Science 30.09.2013 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Predmet:	Aged Cancer Cardiovascular disease Diagnosis Disease control Disease prevention Drug dosages Dry Eye Syndromes - drug therapy Dry Eye Syndromes - pathology Epidemiology Eye Eye diseases Fatty acids Female Gender differences Health care Health risk assessment Hospitals Humans Male Medical personnel Medical schools Medical treatment Men Mens health Occlusion Occupational health Odds Ratio Omega-3 fatty acids Pain Patient satisfaction Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data Physicians Population Population studies Preventive medicine Professionals Public health Questionnaires Regression Analysis Regression models Risk factors Sex Factors Side effects Studies Surveys and Questionnaires Systematic review Tears Treatment Outcome United States Vitamin A Well being Womens health United States United States > US Massachusetts
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Abstract	Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients' lives and vision might differ by sex. Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women's Health Study and the Physicians' Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED. Among participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models. The final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03). These data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being.
AbstractList	Purpose Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients’ lives and vision might differ by sex. Design Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women’s Health Study and the Physicians’ Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED. Methods Among participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models. Results The final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03). Conclusions These data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being. Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients' lives and vision might differ by sex. Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women's Health Study and the Physicians' Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED. Among participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models. The final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03). These data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being. Purpose Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients’ lives and vision might differ by sex. Design Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women’s Health Study and the Physicians’ Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED. Methods Among participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models. Results The final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03). Conclusions These data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being. Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients' lives and vision might differ by sex.PURPOSEDry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients' lives and vision might differ by sex.Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women's Health Study and the Physicians' Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED.DESIGNQuestionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women's Health Study and the Physicians' Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED.Among participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models.METHODSAmong participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models.The final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03).RESULTSThe final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03).These data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being.CONCLUSIONSThese data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being. Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of dry eye disease on patients' lives and vision might differ by sex.Questionnaire survey of 4000 participants in the Women's Health Study and the Physicians' Health Studies I and II with a prior report of a diagnosis of DED.Among participants who re-confirmed a diagnosis of dry eye disease, we assessed symptoms, treatments, patient satisfaction and impact of dry eye disease, and analyzed differences between men and women using regression models.The final study population consisted of 1,518 women (mean age 70.7 years) and 581 men (mean age 76.7 years), with a mean reported duration of dry eye disease of 10.5 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The frequency and severity of dry eye disease symptoms were higher among women (each P<0.0001), and women reported a greater impact on everyday activities (P<0.0001). Women were more likely to use artificial tears (P<0.0001) use them more often (P<0.0001), and to use Restasis® (P<0.0001), omega-3 fatty acids (P=0.0006), and have punctal occlusion (P=0.005). Women spent more money per month on dry eye treatments (P<0.0001), but reported greater dissatisfaction with treatment side effects (P=0.001), and the amount of time before treatments started working (P=0.03).These data show that dry eye disease is generally experienced as being more severe among women, having a greater impact on their self-assessed well-being.
Author	Uchino, Miki Semba, Richard D. Li, Jim Z. Schaumberg, Debra A. Christen, William G. Buring, Julie E.
AuthorAffiliation	5 Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan 6 The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States of America 1 Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America 2 Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America 7 Global Outcomes Research, Pfizer, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America 4 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America 3 Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 6 The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America – name: 1 Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: 2 Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America – name: 5 Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan – name: 4 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States of America – name: 3 Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: 7 Global Outcomes Research, Pfizer, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Debra A. surname: Schaumberg fullname: Schaumberg, Debra A. – sequence: 2 givenname: Miki surname: Uchino fullname: Uchino, Miki – sequence: 3 givenname: William G. surname: Christen fullname: Christen, William G. – sequence: 4 givenname: Richard D. surname: Semba fullname: Semba, Richard D. – sequence: 5 givenname: Julie E. surname: Buring fullname: Buring, Julie E. – sequence: 6 givenname: Jim Z. surname: Li fullname: Li, Jim Z.
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24098772$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright	2013 Schaumberg et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2013 Schaumberg et al 2013 Schaumberg et al
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DocumentTitleAlternate	Sex Differences in Dry Eye Disease
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Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: DAS. Performed the experiments: DAS WGC JEB. Analyzed the data: DAS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DAS WGC RDS JEB JZL. Wrote the manuscript: DAS MU JZL. Competing Interests: This study was partly funded by Pfizer, the employer of Jim Z. Li. Dr. Li held equity interest in Pfizer, Inc. Dr. Schaumberg was a periodic consultant for Pfizer, Inc. (on other topics not overlapping with the submitted work), as well as Alcon, Eleven Biotherapeutics, Inspire Pharmaceuticals, and Allergan, Inc.; and held equity interest in TearLab, Inc. and Mimetogen Pharmaceuticals. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.
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Snippet	Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the impact of... Purpose Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the... Purpose Dry eye disease affects women twice as often as men, but there is little information on whether dry eye treatments, treatment satisfaction, or the...
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SubjectTerms	Aged Cancer Cardiovascular disease Diagnosis Disease control Disease prevention Drug dosages Dry Eye Syndromes - drug therapy Dry Eye Syndromes - pathology Epidemiology Eye Eye diseases Fatty acids Female Gender differences Health care Health risk assessment Hospitals Humans Male Medical personnel Medical schools Medical treatment Men Mens health Occlusion Occupational health Odds Ratio Omega-3 fatty acids Pain Patient satisfaction Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data Physicians Population Population studies Preventive medicine Professionals Public health Questionnaires Regression Analysis Regression models Risk factors Sex Factors Side effects Studies Surveys and Questionnaires Systematic review Tears Treatment Outcome United States Vitamin A Well being Womens health
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Title	Patient Reported Differences in Dry Eye Disease between Men and Women: Impact, Management, and Patient Satisfaction
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