Epidemiology of hepatitis B infection among the Nicobarese – a mongoloid tribe of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Union Territory of India, is home to six primitive tribes. Preliminary serological studies carried out earlier among the four accessible tribes revealed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is hyper-endemic among them. The present study was carried out to understand im...

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Vydáno v:Epidemiology and infection Ročník 128; číslo 3; s. 465 - 471
Hlavní autoři: MURHEKAR, M. V., MURHEKAR, K. M., ARANKALLE, V. A., SEHGAL, S. C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.06.2002
Témata:
Adolescent
Adult
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral - analysis
Antigens
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Carrier State
Child
Child, Preschool
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Epidemiology
Female
Hepatitis
Hepatitis antigens
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - ethnology
Hepatitis B - transmission
Hepatitis B virus
Hospitals
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunization
India
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infections
Infectious diseases
Injections
Islands
Male
Medical research
Medical sciences
Medical syringes
Middle Aged
Needle Sharing
Predisposing factors
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Serology
Vaccines
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
Indian Ocean Islands
Andaman and Nicobar
Asia
India
United Kingdom > UK
Australia
Nicobar Islands
Car Nicobar
Taiwan
Infection
Human
Viral hepatitis B
Viral disease
Risk factor
Digestive diseases
Hepatic disease
Transmission mode
Epidemiology
ISSN:0950-2688, 1469-4409
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Popis
Shrnutí:Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Union Territory of India, is home to six primitive tribes. Preliminary serological studies carried out earlier among the four accessible tribes revealed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is hyper-endemic among them. The present study was carried out to understand important modes of transmission and to identify possible risk factors associated with HBV infection among the Nicobarese tribe. The epidemiology of HBV infection in these islands appears to be distinct with a high prevalence of the chronic carrier state (22·2%) associated with a comparable proportion of the population being anti-HBs positive (26·3%). More than half of the HBsAg and anti-HBs negative individuals have anti-HBc antibodies. Age, past history of hospital admission, intramuscular injections and number of carriers in the tuhet were found to be significantly associated with exposure to hepatitis B virus. Horizontal transmission through close contact with carriers and perinatal route appears to be an important mode of transmission of HBV in this community. Besides this, use of unsafe injections represents an independent risk factor for acquiring HBV infection in this population. Introducing HBV vaccine in the infant immunization programme and improving injection safety would help to control the infection in the tribal community of these islands.
Bibliografie:istex:893244455CAA3D37CDD1647F202DF7488BAD0688
ark:/67375/6GQ-7NFC4F63-D
PII:S095026880200691X
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ISSN:0950-2688
1469-4409
DOI:10.1017/S095026880200691X