Addressing anti-Black racism within public health in North America: a scoping review

Objectives The syndemic that is COVID-19 and the disproportionate policing of Black communities have recently generated mass social consciousness of the anti-Black racism (ABR) pervading health, social, and cultural institutions. However, little is known about the implementation of public health mea...

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Vydané v:	International journal for equity in health Ročník 23; číslo 1; s. 128 - 13
Hlavní autori:	Rakotovao, Lucina, Simeoni, Michelle, Bennett-AbuAyyash, Caroline, Walji, Taheera, Abdi, Samiya
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	London BioMed Central 28.06.2024 BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC
Predmet:	Accountability Action Action orientation African Americans Anti-black racism Black or African American Community involvement Community participation COVID-19 Cross cutting Declarations Diaspora Equality and Human Rights Equity Government agencies Grey literature Health aspects Health care policy Health disparities Health education Health initiatives Health planning Health Policy Health promotion Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Health services Health Services Research Humans Inclusion Intervention Jurisdiction Legislation Libraries Marginalized groups Measurement Medicine Medicine & Public Health North America Oppression Organizational change Organizational research Pandemics Primary care Public Health Public participation Race Racial discrimination Racism Resource allocation Review Search strategies Social Justice Social perception Social Policy Task forces Transformation User services Violence North America Canada United States > US COVID-19 Equity Anti-black racism Public health
ISSN:	1475-9276, 1475-9276
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Objectives The syndemic that is COVID-19 and the disproportionate policing of Black communities have recently generated mass social consciousness of the anti-Black racism (ABR) pervading health, social, and cultural institutions. However, little is known about the implementation of public health measures addressing ABR in an evolving pandemic context. The objective of this scoping review is to provide an overview of public health initiatives undertaken to address ABR across North American jurisdictions between December 2019 and June 2022. Methods A search for public health initiatives was conducted in June 2021 across MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSChost, CINAHL, SocINDEX, and Google.ca. Included initiatives were those focussing on Black, African diasporic, or African American communities in the North American context. Community-led action, as well as initiatives in primary healthcare care, academic journals, and those broadly focused on racialized communities, were excluded from this review. Synthesis Seventy-five articles were included in this review, suggesting that ABR emerged as a public health priority. Strategies and action plans to address structural ABR were the most common types of initiatives observed ( n = 21), followed by programs or interventions ( n = 16), budget allocations or investments ( n = 8), task forces ( n = 7), guidance and recommendations for organizational capacity ( n = 8), action-oriented declarations of ABR as a public health crisis ( n = 8), and legislation and mandates ( n = 7). Initiatives were largely cross-cutting of two or more socioeconomic themes ( n = 23), while organizational change was also common ( n = 16). Gaps in the current literature include a lack of community participation and outcome measurement for actions identified, which limit institutional accountability to communities of interest. Conclusion This research provides insights on public health accountability to social justice. This research outlines activities in upstream interventions, organizational transformation, and resource allocation in shaping anti-racist change, and require evaluation and input from those whom initiatives are intended to serve.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	1475-9276 1475-9276
DOI:	10.1186/s12939-024-02124-4