Dietary Nutrient Intake and Progression to Late Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 and 2

To analyze associations between the dietary intake of multiple nutrients and risk of progression to late age-related macular degeneration (AMD), its subtypes, and large drusen. Post hoc analysis of 2 controlled clinical trial cohorts: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2. Eyes with no la...

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Vydané v:Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn.) Ročník 128; číslo 3; s. 425
Hlavní autori: Agrón, Elvira, Mares, Julie, Clemons, Traci E, Swaroop, Anand, Chew, Emily Y, Keenan, Tiarnan D L
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 01.03.2021
Predmet:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Diet - statistics & numerical data
Diet Surveys
Dietary Supplements - statistics & numerical data
Disease Progression
Energy Intake
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Geographic Atrophy - diagnosis
Geographic Atrophy - epidemiology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Retinal Drusen - diagnosis
Retinal Drusen - epidemiology
Wet Macular Degeneration - diagnosis
Wet Macular Degeneration - epidemiology
Mineral
Neovascular AMD
Diet
Age-related macular degeneration
Fatty acid
Vitamin
Geographic atrophy
Supplement
Nutrient
Large drusen
Antioxidant
Carotenoid
ISSN:1549-4713, 1549-4713
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Popis
Shrnutí:To analyze associations between the dietary intake of multiple nutrients and risk of progression to late age-related macular degeneration (AMD), its subtypes, and large drusen. Post hoc analysis of 2 controlled clinical trial cohorts: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2. Eyes with no late AMD at baseline among AREDS participants (n = 4504) and AREDS2 participants (n = 3738) totaled 14 135 eyes. Mean age was 71.0 years (standard deviation, 6.7 years), and 56.5% of patients were women. Fundus photographs were collected at annual study visits and graded centrally for late AMD. Dietary intake of multiple nutrients was calculated from food frequency questionnaires. Progression to late AMD, geographic atrophy (GA), neovascular AMD, and (separate analyses) large drusen. Over median follow-up of 10.2 years, of the 14 135 eyes, 32.7% progressed to late AMD. For 9 nutrients, intake quintiles 4 or 5 (vs. 1) were associated significantly (P ≤ 0.0005) with decreased risk of late AMD: vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, magnesium, copper, and alcohol. For 3 nutrients, quintiles 4 or 5 were associated significantly with increased risk: saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and oleic acid. Similar results were observed for GA. Regarding neovascular AMD, 9 nutrients were associated nominally with decreased risk-vitamin A, vitamin B6, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, magnesium, copper, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acid, and alcohol-and 3 nutrients were associated with increased risk-saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and oleic acid. In separate analyses (n = 5399 eyes of 3164 AREDS participants), 12 nutrients were associated nominally with decreased risk of large drusen. Higher dietary intake of multiple nutrients, including minerals, vitamins, and carotenoids, is associated with decreased risk of progression to late AMD. These associations are stronger for GA than for neovascular AMD. The same nutrients also tend to show protective associations against large drusen development. Strong genetic interactions exist for some nutrient-genotype combinations, particularly omega-3 fatty acids and CFH. These data may justify further research into underlying mechanisms and randomized trials of supplementation.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:1549-4713
1549-4713
DOI:10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.018