Exploring the Frontiers of Neuroimaging: A Review of Recent Advances in Understanding Brain Functioning and Disorders

Neuroimaging has revolutionized our understanding of brain function and has become an essential tool for researchers studying neurological disorders. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) are two widely used neuroimaging techniques to review changes in brain a...

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Vydáno v:Life (Basel, Switzerland) Ročník 13; číslo 7; s. 1472
Hlavní autoři: Yen, Chiahui, Lin, Chia-Li, Chiang, Ming-Chang
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.06.2023
MDPI
Témata:
Alzheimer's disease
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Autism
Behavior
Biomarkers
Brain
Brain mapping
Brain research
Chronic pain
Cognition & reasoning
Decision making
Diagnosis
Direct current
EEG
Electrical stimulation of the brain
Electrical stimuli
Electroencephalography
Emotions
ESB
fMRI
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Keywords
Magnetic fields
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical diagnosis
Medical imaging
Memory
Mental disorders
Methods
Movement disorders
Nervous system
Nervous system diseases
Neural networks
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neuroimaging
Neurological diseases
Neurological disorders
Neurosciences
Oscillations
Parkinson's disease
Radio waves
Researchers
Review
Schizophrenia
Stimulation
Substantia alba
tDCS
Tensors
Tomography
Taiwan
fMRI
tDCS
EEG
neurological disorders
ISSN:2075-1729, 2075-1729
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Shrnutí:Neuroimaging has revolutionized our understanding of brain function and has become an essential tool for researchers studying neurological disorders. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) are two widely used neuroimaging techniques to review changes in brain activity. fMRI is a noninvasive technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed brain images. An EEG is a noninvasive technique that records the brain’s electrical activity through electrodes placed on the scalp. This review overviews recent developments in noninvasive functional neuroimaging methods, including fMRI and EEG. Recent advances in fMRI technology, its application to studying brain function, and the impact of neuroimaging techniques on neuroscience research are discussed. Advances in EEG technology and its applications to analyzing brain function and neural oscillations are also highlighted. In addition, advanced courses in neuroimaging, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), are described, along with their role in studying brain connectivity, white matter tracts, and potential treatments for schizophrenia and chronic pain. Application. The review concludes by examining neuroimaging studies of neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We also described the role of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in ASD, ADHD, AD, and PD. Neuroimaging techniques have significantly advanced our understanding of brain function and provided essential insights into neurological disorders. However, further research into noninvasive treatments such as EEG, MRI, and TES is necessary to continue to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders.
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ISSN:2075-1729
2075-1729
DOI:10.3390/life13071472