Treatment of latent M. tuberculosis infection and use of antiretroviral therapy to prevent tuberculosis

Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coin...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of clinical investigation Jg. 130; H. 10; S. 5102 - 5104
Hauptverfasser: Sterling, Timothy R., Lin, Philana Ling
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States American Society for Clinical Investigation 01.10.2020
Schlagworte:
Animals
Antiretroviral agents
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Comorbidity
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
Macaca mulatta
Monkeys
Rifamycins
Rifapentine
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
T cells
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - drug therapy
Tuberculosis - prevention & control
ISSN:0021-9738, 1558-8238, 1558-8238
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Abstract Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coinfected (TB/SIV-coinfected) nonhuman primates. The authors found that treating rhesus macaques with ART restored CD4+ T cells in whole blood, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but not in the lung interstitium. TB risk was not decreased in the coinfected macaques treated with ART for 14-63 days, suggesting that ART does not decrease the short-term risk of reactivation. Reactivation occurred as CD4+ T cells were increasing, which is consistent with observations made in humans. This study provides a potential model for systematic evaluation of TB/SIV coinfection and different treatment regimens and strategies to prevent TB reactivation.
AbstractList Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coinfected (TB/SIV-coinfected) nonhuman primates. The authors found that treating rhesus macaques with ART restored [CD4.sup.+] T cells in whole blood, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but not in the lung interstitium. TB risk was not decreased in the coinfected macaques treated with ART for 14-63 days, suggesting that ART does not decrease the short-term risk of reactivation. Reactivation occurred as [CD4.sup.+] T cells were increasing, which is consistent with observations made in humans. This study provides a potential model for systematic evaluation of TB/SIV coinfection and different treatment regimens and strategies to prevent TB reactivation.
Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus–coinfected (TB/SIV-coinfected) nonhuman primates. The authors found that treating rhesus macaques with ART restored CD4+ T cells in whole blood, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but not in the lung interstitium. TB risk was not decreased in the coinfected macaques treated with ART for 14–63 days, suggesting that ART does not decrease the short-term risk of reactivation. Reactivation occurred as CD4+ T cells were increasing, which is consistent with observations made in humans. This study provides a potential model for systematic evaluation of TB/SIV coinfection and different treatment regimens and strategies to prevent TB reactivation.
Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coinfected (TB/SIV-coinfected) nonhuman primates. The authors found that treating rhesus macaques with ART restored CD4+ T cells in whole blood, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but not in the lung interstitium. TB risk was not decreased in the coinfected macaques treated with ART for 14-63 days, suggesting that ART does not decrease the short-term risk of reactivation. Reactivation occurred as CD4+ T cells were increasing, which is consistent with observations made in humans. This study provides a potential model for systematic evaluation of TB/SIV coinfection and different treatment regimens and strategies to prevent TB reactivation.Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coinfected (TB/SIV-coinfected) nonhuman primates. The authors found that treating rhesus macaques with ART restored CD4+ T cells in whole blood, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but not in the lung interstitium. TB risk was not decreased in the coinfected macaques treated with ART for 14-63 days, suggesting that ART does not decrease the short-term risk of reactivation. Reactivation occurred as CD4+ T cells were increasing, which is consistent with observations made in humans. This study provides a potential model for systematic evaluation of TB/SIV coinfection and different treatment regimens and strategies to prevent TB reactivation.
Audience Academic
Author Lin, Philana Ling
Sterling, Timothy R.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
1 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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SubjectTerms Animals
Antiretroviral agents
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Comorbidity
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
Macaca mulatta
Monkeys
Rifamycins
Rifapentine
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
T cells
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - drug therapy
Tuberculosis - prevention & control
Title Treatment of latent M. tuberculosis infection and use of antiretroviral therapy to prevent tuberculosis
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