Treatment of latent M. tuberculosis infection and use of antiretroviral therapy to prevent tuberculosis

Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coin...

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Vydáno v:The Journal of clinical investigation Ročník 130; číslo 10; s. 5102 - 5104
Hlavní autoři: Sterling, Timothy R., Lin, Philana Ling
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States American Society for Clinical Investigation 01.10.2020
Témata:
Animals
Antiretroviral agents
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Comorbidity
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
Macaca mulatta
Monkeys
Rifamycins
Rifapentine
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
T cells
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - drug therapy
Tuberculosis - prevention & control
ISSN:0021-9738, 1558-8238, 1558-8238
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Shrnutí:Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation remains higher in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected persons. In this issue of the JCI, Ganatra et al. explored TB reactivation in the context of ART using TB and simian immunodeficiency virus-coinfected (TB/SIV-coinfected) nonhuman primates. The authors found that treating rhesus macaques with ART restored CD4+ T cells in whole blood, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but not in the lung interstitium. TB risk was not decreased in the coinfected macaques treated with ART for 14-63 days, suggesting that ART does not decrease the short-term risk of reactivation. Reactivation occurred as CD4+ T cells were increasing, which is consistent with observations made in humans. This study provides a potential model for systematic evaluation of TB/SIV coinfection and different treatment regimens and strategies to prevent TB reactivation.
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ISSN:0021-9738
1558-8238
1558-8238
DOI:10.1172/JCI137294