Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales

•A large population-representative SAMPLE was surveyed to better understand COVID-19-related DISTRESS.•We developed and validated the COVID Stress Scales, comprising 36 items on 5 scales.•The COVID Stress Scales offer promise for identifying people in need of pandemic-related mental health services....

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Vydané v:Journal of anxiety disorders Ročník 72; s. 102232
Hlavní autori: Taylor, Steven, Landry, Caeleigh A., Paluszek, Michelle M., Fergus, Thomas A., McKay, Dean, Asmundson, Gordon J.G.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2020
The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd
Predmet:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Anxiety
Anxiety - diagnosis
Anxiety - epidemiology
Canada - epidemiology
Coronavirus
Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology
COVID-19
Fear
Fear - psychology
Female
Health Services Needs and Demand - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Male
Mental Health Services
Middle Aged
Pandemic
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology
Psychiatric/Mental Health
Psychometrics - standards
Reproducibility of Results
Stress
Stress, Psychological - diagnosis
Stress, Psychological - epidemiology
Xenophobia
Young Adult
Canada
COVID-19
Fear
Coronavirus
Pandemic
Anxiety
Stress
Xenophobia
ISSN:0887-6185, 1873-7897, 1873-7897
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Shrnutí:•A large population-representative SAMPLE was surveyed to better understand COVID-19-related DISTRESS.•We developed and validated the COVID Stress Scales, comprising 36 items on 5 scales.•The COVID Stress Scales offer promise for identifying people in need of pandemic-related mental health services. Research and clinical observations suggest that during times of pandemic many people exhibit stress- or anxiety-related responses that include fear of becoming infected, fear of coming into contact with possibly contaminated objects or surfaces, fear of foreigners who might be carrying infection (i.e., disease-related xenophobia), fear of the socio-economic consequences of the pandemic, compulsive checking and reassurance-seeking regarding possible pandemic-related threats, and traumatic stress symptoms about the pandemic (e.g., nightmares, intrusive thoughts). We developed the 36-item COVID Stress Scales (CSS) to measure these features, as they pertain to COVID-19. The CSS were developed to better understand and assess COVID-19-related distress. The scales were intentionally designed so they could be readily adapted for future pandemics. The CSS were developed and initially validated in population-representative samples from Canada (N = 3479) and the United States (N = 3375). A stable 5-factor solution was identified, corresponding to scales assessing COVID-related stress and anxiety symptoms: (1) Danger and contamination fears, (2) fears about economic consequences, (3) xenophobia, (4) compulsive checking and reassurance seeking, and (5) traumatic stress symptoms about COVID-19. The scales performed well on various indices of reliability and validity. The scales were intercorrelated, providing evidence of a COVID Stress Syndrome. The scales offer promise as tools for better understanding the distress associated with COVID-19 and for identifying people in need of mental health services.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:0887-6185
1873-7897
1873-7897
DOI:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232