Long-term measles-induced immunomodulation increases overall childhood infectious disease mortality

Immunosuppression after measles is known to predispose people to opportunistic infections for a period of several weeks to months. Using population-level data, we show that measles has a more prolonged effect on host resistance, extending over 2 to 3 years. We find that nonmeasles infectious disease...

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Veröffentlicht in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Jg. 348; H. 6235; S. 694 - 699
Hauptverfasser: Mina, Michael J, Metcalf, C Jessica E, de Swart, Rik L, Osterhaus, A D M E, Grenfell, Bryan T
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 08.05.2015
Schlagworte:
B-Lymphocytes - immunology
Child
Child Mortality
Child, Preschool
England - epidemiology
Female
Humans
Immunologic Memory
Immunomodulation
Incidence
Lymphocyte Depletion
Male
Measles - epidemiology
Measles - immunology
Measles - prevention & control
Measles Vaccine - administration & dosage
Measles Vaccine - immunology
Opportunistic Infections - immunology
Opportunistic Infections - mortality
Opportunistic Infections - prevention & control
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Time Factors
United States - epidemiology
Vaccination
Wales - epidemiology
England
United States
Wales
ISSN:1095-9203
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Zusammenfassung:Immunosuppression after measles is known to predispose people to opportunistic infections for a period of several weeks to months. Using population-level data, we show that measles has a more prolonged effect on host resistance, extending over 2 to 3 years. We find that nonmeasles infectious disease mortality in high-income countries is tightly coupled to measles incidence at this lag, in both the pre- and post-vaccine eras. We conclude that long-term immunologic sequelae of measles drive interannual fluctuations in nonmeasles deaths. This is consistent with recent experimental work that attributes the immunosuppressive effects of measles to depletion of B and T lymphocytes. Our data provide an explanation for the long-term benefits of measles vaccination in preventing all-cause infectious disease. By preventing measles-associated immune memory loss, vaccination protects polymicrobial herd immunity.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.aaa3662