The expansion of an invasive malaria vector: Anopheles stephensi emergence in Arba Minch town in the southern Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Urban areas in malaria-endemic countries in East Africa are experiencing a significant increase in malaria cases, with the establishment of an “exotic” urban malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi , increasing the risk of urban malaria. To this end, the present study aimed to investigate the emergence...

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Published in:Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 123; no. 9; p. 333
Main Authors: Massebo, Fekadu, Ashine, Temesgen, Negash, Nigatu, Eligo, Nigatu, Hailemeskel, Elifaged, Minda, Thomas T., Lindtjørn, Bernt, Gadisa, Endalamaw
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.09.2024
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adaptation
Adults
Animals
Anopheles
Anopheles - classification
Anopheles - growth & development
Anopheles - parasitology
Anopheles - physiology
Anopheles stephensi
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Bionomics
Brief Report
Causes of
Disease transmission
Distribution
Ethiopia
Habitats
Health aspects
Identification and classification
Immunology
Insects as carriers of disease
Laboratories
Larva - growth & development
Malaria
Malaria - epidemiology
Malaria - transmission
Medical Microbiology
Metropolitan areas
Microbiology
mosquito vectors
Mosquito Vectors - classification
Mosquito Vectors - growth & development
Mosquito Vectors - parasitology
Mosquito Vectors - physiology
Mosquitoes
Parasites
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Precipitation
risk
Risk factors
species
Urban areas
Vectors (Biology)
Vigilance
Water
water storage
Ethiopia
Djibouti
Africa
Entomological surveillance
Arba Minch
Anopheles stephensi
ISSN:0932-0113, 1432-1955, 1432-1955
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Urban areas in malaria-endemic countries in East Africa are experiencing a significant increase in malaria cases, with the establishment of an “exotic” urban malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi , increasing the risk of urban malaria. To this end, the present study aimed to investigate the emergence of this species in Arba Minch, Ethiopia. Following the detection of An. stephensi in other parts of Ethiopia, 76 artificial containers (55 discarded tyres, 18 concrete water storage, and three plastic containers) were sampled in 21 locations in Arba Minch town, for immature Anopheles mosquito stages, using the standard dipping technique. Larvae were reared into adults which were morphologically identified at the species level 2–3 days after emergence. Morphological identification results were confirmed by species-specific polymerase chain reaction. Of the examined containers, 67 (88%) had at least one Anopheles larva. Thirty-two of the adults emerged were morphologically identified as An. stephensi , with 26 (81%) confirmed by molecular analysis. This is the first study to report An. stephensi from Arba Minch, one of South Ethiopia’s largest towns, highlighting the need for increased vigilance. The planned and ongoing study in and around Arba Minch will contribute to understanding the bionomics and role of An. stephensi in malaria parasite transmission, helping develop a strategy to address the impending risk of urban malaria in Ethiopia.
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Section Editor: Helge Kampen
ISSN:0932-0113
1432-1955
1432-1955
DOI:10.1007/s00436-024-08356-1