Assessment of the impact of a personalised nutrition intervention in impaired glucose regulation over 26 weeks: a randomised controlled trial

Dietary interventions can reduce progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia. In this study we aimed to determine the impact of a DNA-personalised nutrition intervention in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia over 26 weeks. ASPIRE-DNA was a pilot stu...

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Vydáno v:Scientific reports Ročník 14; číslo 1; s. 5428 - 13
Hlavní autoři: Karvela, Maria, Golden, Caroline T., Bell, Nikeysha, Martin-Li, Stephanie, Bedzo-Nutakor, Judith, Bosnic, Natalie, DeBeaudrap, Pierre, de Mateo-Lopez, Sara, Alajrami, Ahmed, Qin, Yun, Eze, Maria, Hon, Tsz-Kin, Simón-Sánchez, Javier, Sahoo, Rashmita, Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan, Soon-Shiong, Patrick, Toumazou, Christofer, Oliver, Nick
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: London Nature Publishing Group UK 05.03.2024
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Témata:
692/700/2814
692/700/459
692/700/478
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control
DNA
Female
Glucose
Glycated Hemoglobin
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Intervention
Life Sciences
Male
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
NCT
NCT03702465
Pilot Projects
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
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Shrnutí:Dietary interventions can reduce progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia. In this study we aimed to determine the impact of a DNA-personalised nutrition intervention in people with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia over 26 weeks. ASPIRE-DNA was a pilot study. Participants were randomised into three arms to receive either (i) Control arm: standard care (NICE guidelines) (n = 51), (ii) Intervention arm: DNA-personalised dietary advice (n = 50), or (iii) Exploratory arm: DNA-personalised dietary advice via a self-guided app and wearable device (n = 46). The primary outcome was the difference in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between the Control and Intervention arms after 6 weeks. 180 people were recruited, of whom 148 people were randomised, mean age of 59 years (SD = 11), 69% of whom were female. There was no significant difference in the FPG change between the Control and Intervention arms at 6 weeks (− 0.13 mmol/L (95% CI [− 0.37, 0.11]), p = 0.29), however, we found that a DNA-personalised dietary intervention led to a significant reduction of FPG at 26 weeks in the Intervention arm when compared to standard care (− 0.019 (SD = 0.008), p = 0.01), as did the Exploratory arm (− 0.021 (SD = 0.008), p = 0.006). HbA1c at 26 weeks was significantly reduced in the Intervention arm when compared to standard care (− 0.038 (SD = 0.018), p = 0.04). There was some evidence suggesting prevention of progression to T2DM across the groups that received a DNA-based intervention (p = 0.06). Personalisation of dietary advice based on DNA did not result in glucose changes within the first 6 weeks but was associated with significant reduction of FPG and HbA1c at 26 weeks when compared to standard care. The DNA-based diet was effective regardless of intervention type, though results should be interpreted with caution due to the low sample size. These findings suggest that DNA-based dietary guidance is an effective intervention compared to standard care, but there is still a minimum timeframe of adherence to the intervention before changes in clinical outcomes become apparent. Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov.uk Ref: NCT03702465.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-55105-6