Allelic variation in two distinct Pseudomonas syringae flagellin epitopes modulates the strength of plant immune responses but not bacterial motility

The bacterial flagellin (FliC) epitopes flg22 and flgII-28 are microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Although flg22 is recognized by many plant species via the pattern recognition receptor FLS2, neither the flgII-28 receptor nor the extent of flgII-28 recognition by different plant families...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New phytologist Vol. 200; no. 3; pp. 847 - 860
Main Authors: Clarke, Christopher R., Chinchilla, Delphine, Hind, Sarah R., Taguchi, Fumiko, Miki, Ryuji, Ichinose, Yuki, Martin, Gregory B., Leman, Scotland, Felix, Georg, Vinatzer, Boris A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England New Phytologist Trust 01.11.2013
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:
Alleles
allelic variation
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis - microbiology
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Bacteria
bacterial motility
Defence mechanisms
Epitopes
Flagellin
Flagellin - genetics
flg22
flgII‐28
FLS2
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Genetic diversity
Genotype
Genotypes
Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics
Immune response
Immune system
Immunity
Infections
Inoculation
Lycopersicon esculentum
microbe‐associated molecular pattern (MAMP)
Motility
mutants
Mutation
Nicotiana - genetics
Nicotiana - metabolism
Nicotiana - microbiology
Nicotiana benthamiana
Pathogens
pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP)
Pattern recognition
Pattern recognition receptors
pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI)
Peptides
Plant bacterial diseases
Plant Diseases - genetics
Plant immunity
Plant Immunity - genetics
Plant species
Plants
Protein Kinases - genetics
Protein Kinases - metabolism
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringae - genetics
Pseudomonas syringae - pathogenicity
Pseudomonas syringae - physiology
Reactive oxygen species
Receptors
Solanaceae
Solanaceae - genetics
Solanaceae - metabolism
Solanaceae - microbiology
Solanum lycopersicum - genetics
Solanum lycopersicum - metabolism
Solanum lycopersicum - microbiology
Tomatoes
Virulence
flgII-28
FLS2
flagellin
pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)
flg22
microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)
pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)
ISSN:0028-646X, 1469-8137, 1469-8137
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The bacterial flagellin (FliC) epitopes flg22 and flgII-28 are microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Although flg22 is recognized by many plant species via the pattern recognition receptor FLS2, neither the flgII-28 receptor nor the extent of flgII-28 recognition by different plant families is known. Here, we tested the significance of flgII-28 as a MAMP and the importance of allelic diversity in flg22 and flgII-28 in plant–pathogen interactions using purified peptides and a Pseudomonas syringae ΔfliC mutant complemented with different fliC alleles. The plant genotype and allelic diversity in flg22 and flgII-28 were found to significantly affect the plant immune response, but not bacterial motility. The recognition of flgII-28 is restricted to a number of solanaceous species. Although the flgII-28 peptide does not trigger any immune response in Arabidopsis, mutations in both flg22 and flgII-28 have FLS2-dependent effects on virulence. However, the expression of a tomato allele of FLS2 does not confer to Nicotiana benthamiana the ability to detect flgII-28, and tomato plants silenced for FLS2 are not altered in flgII-28 recognition. Therefore, MAMP diversification is an effective pathogen virulence strategy, and flgII-28 appears to be perceived by an as yet unidentified receptor in the Solanaceae, although it has an FLS2-dependent virulence effect in Arabidopsis.
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ISSN:0028-646X
1469-8137
1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/nph.12408