Biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) as vectors of avian trypanosomes

Background Although avian trypanosomes are widespread parasites, the knowledge of their vectors is still incomplete. Despite biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are considered as potential vectors of avian trypanosomes, their role in transmission has not been satisfactorily elucidated. Our aim...

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Veröffentlicht in:Parasites & vectors Jg. 10; H. 1; S. 224
Hauptverfasser: Svobodová, Milena, Dolnik, Olga V., Čepička, Ivan, Rádrová, Jana
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 08.05.2017
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Schlagworte:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Bird Diseases - parasitology
Bird Diseases - transmission
Birds
Birds - parasitology
Biting
Blood
Canaries - parasitology
Ceratopogonidae - anatomy & histology
Ceratopogonidae - parasitology
Culicoides nubeculosus
digestive system
Disease transmission
Entomology
Feeding
Females
Gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal Tract - parasitology
Host Specificity
Hosts
Infections
Infectious Diseases
Insect Vectors - parasitology
insects
Laboratories
Life-cycle
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Parasites
Parasitology
Phylogenetics
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Testing
Transmission
Tropical Medicine
Trypanosoma
Trypanosoma - classification
Trypanosoma - genetics
Trypanosoma - physiology
Trypanosoma - ultrastructure
Trypanosoma avium
Trypanosoma bennetti
Trypanosoma culicavium
Trypanosome
Trypanosomiasis - diagnosis
Trypanosomiasis - parasitology
Trypanosomiasis - transmission
Trypanosomiasis - veterinary
Vectors
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Virology
Avian parasite
Life-cycle
Transmission
Host specificity
Trypanosoma culicavium
Culicoides nubeculosus
Trypanosoma avium
Trypanosoma bennetti
ISSN:1756-3305, 1756-3305
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Zusammenfassung:Background Although avian trypanosomes are widespread parasites, the knowledge of their vectors is still incomplete. Despite biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are considered as potential vectors of avian trypanosomes, their role in transmission has not been satisfactorily elucidated. Our aim was to clarify the potential of biting midges to sustain the development of avian trypanosomes by testing their susceptibility to different strains of avian trypanosomes experimentally. Moreover, we screened biting midges for natural infections in the wild. Results Laboratory-bred biting midges Culicoides nubeculosus were highly susceptible to trypanosomes from the Trypanosoma bennetti and T. avium clades. Infection rates reached 100%, heavy infections developed in 55–87% of blood-fed females. Parasite stages from the insect gut were infective for birds. Moreover, midges could be infected after feeding on a trypanosome-positive bird. Avian trypanosomes can thus complete their cycle in birds and biting midges. Furthermore, we succeeded to find infected blood meal-free biting midges in the wild. Conclusions Biting midges are probable vectors of avian trypanosomes belonging to T. bennetti group. Midges are highly susceptible to artificial infections, can be infected after feeding on birds, and T. bennetti -infected biting midges ( Culicoides spp.) have been found in nature. Moreover, midges can be used as model hosts producing metacyclic avian trypanosome stages infective for avian hosts.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1756-3305
1756-3305
DOI:10.1186/s13071-017-2158-9