The mosaic oat genome gives insights into a uniquely healthy cereal crop

Cultivated oat ( Avena sativa L.) is an allohexaploid (AACCDD, 2 n = 6 x = 42) thought to have been domesticated more than 3,000 years ago while growing as a weed in wheat, emmer and barley fields in Anatolia 1 , 2 . Oat has a low carbon footprint, substantial health benefits and the potential to...

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Vydáno v:	Nature (London) Ročník 606; číslo 7912; s. 113 - 119
Hlavní autoři:	Kamal, Nadia, Tsardakas Renhuldt, Nikos, Bentzer, Johan, Gundlach, Heidrun, Haberer, Georg, Juhász, Angéla, Lux, Thomas, Bose, Utpal, Tye-Din, Jason A., Lang, Daniel, van Gessel, Nico, Reski, Ralf, Fu, Yong-Bi, Spégel, Peter, Ceplitis, Alf, Himmelbach, Axel, Waters, Amanda J., Bekele, Wubishet A., Colgrave, Michelle L., Hansson, Mats, Stein, Nils, Mayer, Klaus F. X., Jellen, Eric N., Maughan, Peter J., Tinker, Nicholas A., Mascher, Martin, Olsson, Olof, Spannagl, Manuel, Sirijovski, Nick
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 02.06.2022 Nature Publishing Group
Témata:	38/22 38/23 38/39 38/90 38/91 45/22 45/23 45/90 631/181/2474 631/208/2491/3933 631/208/8 631/449/711 631/61/212 82/58 Agricultural and Veterinary sciences Agricultural Biotechnology Animal-based foods Avena sativa Barley Bioteknologi med applikationer på växter och djur Breeding Carbon footprint Cereal crops Cereals Chromosomes Cultivation Diploids Evolutionary genetics Gene expression Gene families Gene mapping Genetics and Breeding in Agricultural Sciences Genetik och förädling inom lantbruksvetenskap Genomes Genomics Gluten Grain Grain cultivation Human nutrition Humanities and Social Sciences Lantbruksvetenskap och veterinärmedicin Mosaics multidisciplinary Nutrition Polyploidy Proteins Ribosomal DNA Science Science (multidisciplinary) Special diets Water use
ISSN:	0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687
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Shrnutí:	Cultivated oat ( Avena sativa L.) is an allohexaploid (AACCDD, 2 n = 6 x = 42) thought to have been domesticated more than 3,000 years ago while growing as a weed in wheat, emmer and barley fields in Anatolia 1 , 2 . Oat has a low carbon footprint, substantial health benefits and the potential to replace animal-based food products. However, the lack of a fully annotated reference genome has hampered efforts to deconvolute its complex evolutionary history and functional gene dynamics. Here we present a high-quality reference genome of A . sativa and close relatives of its diploid ( Avena longiglumis , AA, 2 n = 14) and tetraploid ( Avena insularis , CCDD, 2 n = 4 x = 28) progenitors. We reveal the mosaic structure of the oat genome, trace large-scale genomic reorganizations in the polyploidization history of oat and illustrate a breeding barrier associated with the genome architecture of oat. We showcase detailed analyses of gene families implicated in human health and nutrition, which adds to the evidence supporting oat safety in gluten-free diets, and we perform mapping-by-sequencing of an agronomic trait related to water-use efficiency. This resource for the Avena genus will help to leverage knowledge from other cereal genomes, improve understanding of basic oat biology and accelerate genomics-assisted breeding and reanalysis of quantitative trait studies. Assembly of the hexaploid oat genome and its diploid and tetraploid relatives clarifies the evolutionary history of oat and allows mapping of genes for agronomic traits.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0028-0836 1476-4687 1476-4687
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-022-04732-y