The mouse X chromosome is enriched for sex-biased genes not subject to selection by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation

Sex chromosomes are subject to sex-specific selective evolutionary forces 1 , 2 . One model predicts that genes with sex-biased expression should be enriched on the X chromosome 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 . In agreement with Rice's hypothesis 3 , spermatogonial genes are over-represented on the X chromosome...

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Vydáno v:	Nature genetics Ročník 36; číslo 6; s. 642 - 646
Hlavní autoři:	Khil, Pavel P, Smirnova, Natalya A, Romanienko, Peter J, Camerini-Otero, R Daniel
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.06.2004 Nature Publishing Group
Témata:	Agriculture Animal Genetics and Genomics Animals Biological and medical sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cancer Research Chromosomes Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids Datasets Dosage Compensation, Genetic Endodeoxyribonucleases Esterases - deficiency Esterases - genetics Female Females Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression Gene Function Genetic aspects Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution Genome Human Genetics Inactivation letter Male Meiosis - genetics Mice Mice, Knockout Models, Genetic Ovaries Physiological aspects Pregnancy Sex chromosomes Spermatogenesis Spermatogenesis - genetics Testes Testis Vertebrata X Chromosome - genetics X chromosomes United States New York United States > US Vertebrata Mammalia Gene Mouse Spermatogenesis Selection Rodentia Sex chromosome Meiosis X-Chromosome Inactivation
ISSN:	1061-4036, 1546-1718
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Shrnutí:	Sex chromosomes are subject to sex-specific selective evolutionary forces 1 , 2 . One model predicts that genes with sex-biased expression should be enriched on the X chromosome 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 . In agreement with Rice's hypothesis 3 , spermatogonial genes are over-represented on the X chromosome of mice 6 and sex- and reproduction-related genes are over-represented on the human X chromosome 7 , 8 . Male-biased genes are under-represented on the X chromosome in worms and flies 9 , 10 , 11 , however. Here we show that mouse spermatogenesis genes are relatively under-represented on the X chromosome and female-biased genes are enriched on it. We used Spo11 −/− mice blocked in spermatogenesis early in meiosis 12 to evaluate the temporal pattern of gene expression in sperm development. Genes expressed before the Spo11 block are enriched on the X chromosome, whereas those expressed later in spermatogenesis are depleted. Inactivation of the X chromosome in male meiosis may be a universal driving force for X-chromosome demasculinization.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1061-4036 1546-1718
DOI:	10.1038/ng1368