Microplastic Shape, Polymer Type, and Concentration Affect Soil Properties and Plant Biomass

Microplastics may enter the soil in a wide range of shapes and polymers. However, little is known about the effects that microplastics of different shapes, polymers, and concentration may have on soil properties and plant performance. To address this, we selected 12 microplastics representing differ...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:

Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:	Frontiers in plant science Ročník 12; s. 616645
Hlavní autoři:	Lozano, Yudi M., Lehnert, Timon, Linck, Lydia T., Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Switzerland Frontiers Media SA 16.02.2021 Frontiers Media S.A
Témata:	Aeration Biological activity Biomass Biota Bulk density Daucus carota Experiments Fibers Flowers & plants Foams Fracture point Fragments Loam soils Macroporosity Microbial activity Microorganisms Microplastics microresp Moisture content Plant biomass Plant Science Plastic foam Plastic pollution Polyethylene Polyethylene films Polymers porosity Seeds Sludge Soil aeration Soil density Soil microorganisms Soil properties Soil water soil water status water-stable aggregates Netherlands Germany soil water status water-stable aggregates Daucus carota microresp porosity
ISSN:	1664-462X, 1664-462X
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
Tagy:	Přidat tag Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!

Popis
Shrnutí:	Microplastics may enter the soil in a wide range of shapes and polymers. However, little is known about the effects that microplastics of different shapes, polymers, and concentration may have on soil properties and plant performance. To address this, we selected 12 microplastics representing different shapes (fibers, films, foams, and fragments) and polymers, and mixed them each with soil at a concentration of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4%. A phytometer ( Daucus carota ) grew in each pot during 4 weeks. Shoot, root mass, soil aggregation, and microbial activity were measured. All shapes increased plant biomass. Shoot mass increased by ∼27% with fibers, ∼60% with films, ∼45% with foams, and by ∼54% with fragments, as fibers hold water in the soil for longer, films decrease soil bulk density, and foams and fragments can increase soil aeration and macroporosity, which overall promote plant performance. By contrast, all shapes decreased soil aggregation by ∼25% as microplastics may introduce fracture points into aggregates and due to potential negative effects on soil biota. The latter may also explain the decrease in microbial activity with, for example, polyethylene films. Our findings show that shape, polymer type, and concentration are key properties when studying microplastic effects on terrestrial systems.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Haibo Zhang, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, China; Vikki L. Rodgers, Babson College, United States This article was submitted to Functional Plant Ecology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science Edited by: Iván Prieto, Spanish National Research Council, Spain ORCID: Yudi M. Lozano, orcid.org/0000-0002-0967-8219; Matthias C. Rillig, orcid.org/0000-0003-3541-7853
ISSN:	1664-462X 1664-462X
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2021.616645