Body Localization of ACE-2: On the Trail of the Keyhole of SARS-CoV-2

The explosion of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has brought the role of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) back into the scientific limelight. Since SARS-CoV-2 must bind the ACE2 for entering the host cells in humans, its expression and body localization are critical to track the...

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Veröffentlicht in:Frontiers in medicine Jg. 7; S. 594495
Hauptverfasser: Salamanna, Francesca, Maglio, Melania, Landini, Maria Paola, Fini, Milena
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland Frontiers Media SA 03.12.2020
Frontiers Media S.A
Schlagworte:
ACE2
ACE2 receptor
Blood pressure
body localization
Cardiovascular disease
COVID-19
Diabetes
Disease transmission
Enzymes
Hypertension
Hypotheses
Inflammation
Localization
Lungs
Medicine
Mortality
Physiology
Pneumonia
Proteases
Proteins
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viral infections
Womens health
X chromosomes
COVID-19
ACE2
ACE2 receptor
SARS-CoV-2
body localization
ISSN:2296-858X, 2296-858X
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Zusammenfassung:The explosion of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has brought the role of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) back into the scientific limelight. Since SARS-CoV-2 must bind the ACE2 for entering the host cells in humans, its expression and body localization are critical to track the potential target organ of this infection and to outline disease progression and clinical outcomes. Here, we mapped the physiological body distribution, expression, and activities of ACE2 and discussed its potential correlations and mutal interactions with the disparate symptoms present in SARS-CoV-2 patients at the level of different organs. We highlighted that despite during SARS-CoV-2 infection ACE2-expressing organs may become direct targets, leading to severe pathological manifestations, and subsequent multiple organ failures, the exact mechanism and the potential interactions through which ACE2 acts in these organs is still heavily debated. Further scientific efforts, also considering a personalized approach aimed to consider specific patient differences in the mutual interactions ACE2-SARS-CoV-2 and the long-term health effects associated with COVID-19 are currently mandatory.
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Reviewed by: Bruce David Uhal, Michigan State University, United States; Sarah Jane Delforce, The University of Newcastle, Australia
This article was submitted to Infectious Diseases - Surveillance, Prevention and Treatment, a section of the journal Frontiers in Medicine
Edited by: Constantinos Tsioutis, European University Cyprus, Cyprus
ISSN:2296-858X
2296-858X
DOI:10.3389/fmed.2020.594495