Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dissemination Plays a Critical Role in Pathogenesis

is primarily a respiratory pathogen. However, 15% of infections worldwide occur at extrapulmonary sites causing additional complications for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. In addition, dissemination of out of the lungs is thought to be more than just a rare event leading to extrapulmonary t...

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Published in:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology Vol. 10; p. 65
Main Authors: Moule, Madeleine G., Cirillo, Jeffrey D.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media SA 25.02.2020
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects:
Abscesses
Animals
Antibiotics
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Dendritic Cells - microbiology
Disease Models, Animal
dissemination
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
extrapulmonary
Food contamination & poisoning
Humans
Infections
Lung - microbiology
Lungs
Lymphatic system
Macrophages, Alveolar - microbiology
Meningitis
Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - pathogenicity
Pathogenesis
Pathogens
Patients
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - immunology
Tuberculosis - microbiology
Tuberculosis - pathology
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node - microbiology
Tuberculosis, Pleural - microbiology
Virulence factors
Virulence Factors - physiology
Europe
Egypt
Mycobacterium
pathogenesis
extrapulmonary
dissemination
tuberculosis
ISSN:2235-2988, 2235-2988
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:is primarily a respiratory pathogen. However, 15% of infections worldwide occur at extrapulmonary sites causing additional complications for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. In addition, dissemination of out of the lungs is thought to be more than just a rare event leading to extrapulmonary tuberculosis, but rather a prerequisite step that occurs during all infections, producing secondary lesions that can become latent or productive. In this review we will cover the clinical range of extrapulmonary infections and the process of dissemination including evidence from both historical medical literature and animal experiments for dissemination and subsequent reseeding of the lungs through the lymphatic and circulatory systems. While the mechanisms of dissemination are not fully understood, we will discuss the various models that have been proposed to address how this process may occur and summarize the bacterial virulence factors that facilitate dissemination.
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This article was submitted to Molecular Bacterial Pathogenesis, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Reviewed by: Brian D. Robertson, Imperial College, United Kingdom; Erwin Schurr, McGill University, Canada
Edited by: Alexander S. Apt, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute (RAMS), Russia
ISSN:2235-2988
2235-2988
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00065