Blood-Brain Barrier-Associated Proteins Are Elevated in Serum of Epilepsy Patients

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction emerges as one of the mechanisms underlying the induction of seizures and epileptogenesis. There is growing evidence that seizures also affect BBB, yet only scarce data is available regarding serum levels of BBB-associated proteins in chronic epilepsy. In this s...

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Vydáno v:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Ročník 12; číslo 3; s. 368
Hlavní autoři: Bronisz, Elżbieta, Cudna, Agnieszka, Wierzbicka, Aleksandra, Kurkowska-Jastrzębska, Iwona
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 19.01.2023
MDPI
Témata:
Age
Blood-Brain Barrier
Brain damage
Brain research
Cellular proteins
Convulsions & seizures
Diagnosis
Disease
Epilepsy
Etiology
Gelatinase A
Gelatinase B
Health aspects
Humans
Inflammation
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
Metabolism
MMP-2
MMP-9
P-Selectin
Patients
Permeability
Proteins
S100B
S100b protein
Seizures
Serum levels
TIMP-1
TIMP-2
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2
Womens health
Poland
United States > US
epilepsy
TIMP-2
TIMP-1
blood–brain barrier
seizure
MMP-2
inflammation
S100B
MMP-9
ECM
ISSN:2073-4409, 2073-4409
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Shrnutí:Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction emerges as one of the mechanisms underlying the induction of seizures and epileptogenesis. There is growing evidence that seizures also affect BBB, yet only scarce data is available regarding serum levels of BBB-associated proteins in chronic epilepsy. In this study, we aimed to assess serum levels of molecules associated with BBB in patients with epilepsy in the interictal period. Serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, S100B, CCL-2, ICAM-1, P-selectin, and TSP-2 were examined in a group of 100 patients who were seizure-free for a minimum of seven days and analyzed by ELISA. The results were compared with an age- and sex-matched control group. Serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and S100B were higher in patients with epilepsy in comparison to control group (p < 0.0001; <0.0001; 0.001; <0.0001; <0.0001, respectively). Levels of CCL-2, ICAM-1, P-selectin and TSP-2 did not differ between the two groups. Serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and S100B are elevated in patients with epilepsy in the interictal period, which suggests chronic processes of BBB disruption and restoration. The pathological process initiating epilepsy, in addition to seizures, is probably the factor contributing to the elevation of serum levels of the examined molecules.
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ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells12030368