International guidelines for the in vivo assessment of skin properties in non-clinical settings: part 1. pH

Background Skin surface pH is known to influence the dissolution and partitioning of chemicals and may influence exposures that lead to skin diseases. Non‐clinical environments (e.g. workplaces) are highly variable, thereby presenting unique measurement challenges that are not typically encountered...

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Vydané v:Skin research and technology Ročník 19; číslo 2; s. 59 - 68
Hlavní autori: Stefaniak, Aleksandr B., Plessis, Johan du, John, Swen M., Eloff, Fritz, Agner, Tove, Chou, Tzu-Chieh, Nixon, Rosemary, Steiner, Markus F. C., Kudla, Irena, Linn Holness, D.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2013
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Predmet:
allergy
Conductometry - methods
Conductometry - standards
contact dermatitis
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Influence
Internationality
irritation
Occupational safety
occupational skin diseases
Original
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Skin - chemistry
skin absorption
skin barrier
Skin diseases
skin surface pH
Skin Tests - methods
Skin Tests - standards
stratum corneum
sweat
workplace measurement
ISSN:0909-752X, 1600-0846, 1600-0846
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Popis
Shrnutí:Background Skin surface pH is known to influence the dissolution and partitioning of chemicals and may influence exposures that lead to skin diseases. Non‐clinical environments (e.g. workplaces) are highly variable, thereby presenting unique measurement challenges that are not typically encountered in clinical settings. Hence, guidelines are needed for consistent measurement of skin surface pH in environments that are difficult to control. Methods An expert workshop was convened at the 5th International Conference on Occupational and Environmental Exposure of Skin to Chemicals to review available data on factors that could influence the determination of skin surface pH in non‐clinical settings with emphasis on the workplace as a worst case scenario. Results The key elements of the guidelines are: (i) minimize, to the extent feasible, the influences of relevant endogenous (anatomical position, skin health, time of day), exogenous (hand washing, barrier creams, soaps and detergents, occlusion), environmental (seasonality), and measurement (atmospheric conditions) factors; (ii) report pH measurements results as a difference or percent change (not absolute values) using a measure of central tendency and variability; and (iii) report notable deviations from these guidelines and other relevant factors that may influence measurements. Conclusion Guidelines on the measurement and reporting of skin surface pH in non‐clinical settings should promote consistency in data reporting, facilitate inter‐comparison of study results, and aid in understanding and preventing occupational skin diseases.
Bibliografia:istex:912C53595772AEF11E44A5943DD52D1293179F22
ark:/67375/WNG-DHKRC14K-V
ArticleID:SRT12016
NIOSH National Occupational Research Agenda Immune and Dermal cross-sector - No. CMU98-S-28; No. NSC 97-2314-B-039-022-MY3
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:0909-752X
1600-0846
1600-0846
DOI:10.1111/srt.12016