Fetal sex and the circulating renin–angiotensin system during early gestation in women who later develop preeclampsia or gestational hypertension

There are fetal sex-specific differences in the balance between angiotensin (Ang) II and Ang-(1–7) in the maternal circulation during pregnancy. To determine whether at 15 weeks’ gestation plasma levels of Ang II and Ang-(1–7), as well as levels of prorenin and Ang-converting enzyme (ACE), predicted...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of human hypertension Vol. 28; no. 2; pp. 133 - 139
Main Authors: Sykes, S D, Pringle, K G, Zhou, A, Dekker, G A, Roberts, C T, Lumbers, E R
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.02.2014
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
631/443/494
631/443/592
692/699/75/243/793
Adult
Angiotensin
Angiotensin I - blood
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin II - blood
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Pressure
Body mass index
Case-Control Studies
Development and progression
Epidemiology
Female
Fetuses
Gestation
Gestational Age
Health Administration
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension in pregnancy
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - blood
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - diagnosis
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - etiology
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced - physiopathology
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
original-article
Peptide Fragments - blood
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - blood
Plasma levels
Pre-eclampsia
Pre-Eclampsia - blood
Pre-Eclampsia - diagnosis
Pre-Eclampsia - etiology
Pre-Eclampsia - physiopathology
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
Public Health
Renin
Renin - blood
Renin-Angiotensin System
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Sex
Sex Determination Analysis
Sex Factors
Ultrasonography, Doppler
Ultrasonography, Prenatal
Young Adult
gestational hypertension
prorenin
preeclampsia
angiotensin II
angiotensin-(1–7)
angiotensin-converting enzyme
ISSN:0950-9240, 1476-5527, 1476-5527
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Summary:There are fetal sex-specific differences in the balance between angiotensin (Ang) II and Ang-(1–7) in the maternal circulation during pregnancy. To determine whether at 15 weeks’ gestation plasma levels of Ang II and Ang-(1–7), as well as levels of prorenin and Ang-converting enzyme (ACE), predicted the development of gestational hypertension (GH) or preeclampsia (PreE) and were associated with estimates of fetal and maternal health, women who later developed GH ( n =50) or PreE ( n =50) were compared with body mass index-matched controls ( n =100). Women who subsequently developed PreE or GH had increased Ang-(1–7) levels at 15 weeks’ gestation compared with women with normal pregnancies. When separated by fetal sex, this difference was seen only in women carrying a female fetus. Prorenin and ACE concentrations were not useful biomarkers for the prediction of either PreE or GH at 15 weeks’ gestation. Women with a male fetus who developed PreE and women who subsequently developed GH had increased blood pressures at 15 weeks’ gestation compared with women with normal pregnancies, suggesting that these women were on an early trajectory for the development of hypertension. We propose that measurement of Ang-(1–7) during early gestation could be useful in predicting, those women who will go on to develop new-onset hypertension in pregnancy.
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ISSN:0950-9240
1476-5527
1476-5527
DOI:10.1038/jhh.2013.51