Heavy metal and phenol adsorptive properties of biochars from pyrolyzed switchgrass and woody biomass in correlation with surface properties

In this work, the surface structures of biochars, derived from three types of biomass, switchgrass (SG), hardwood (HW) and softwood (SW) through either fast pyrolysis (FP) in a fluidized-bed reactor (at 500 °C) or slow pyrolysis (at 500° and 700 °C), were studied in detail, and compared with that of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental management Vol. 118; pp. 196 - 204
Main Authors: Han, Yanxue, Boateng, Akwasi A., Qi, Phoebe X., Lima, Isabel M., Chang, Jianmin
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 30.03.2013
Elsevier
Academic Press Ltd
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorption
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
ATR-FTIR
Biochar
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
Biomass energy
Charcoal
Charcoal - chemistry
Chemistry
Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife
copper
Copper - chemistry
Correlation analysis
Environmental change
Fluidized bed reactors
fluidized beds
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
hardwood
Heavy metal
Heavy metals
Incineration
Metals
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Panicum
Panicum - chemistry
Panicum virgatum
Phenol
Phenol - chemistry
Phenols
Porosity
Property
Proportional representation
Pyrolysis
Quantitative analysis
softwood
Softwoods
sorption isotherms
Species Specificity
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
surface area
Surface Properties
Temperature
titration
Wood
Wood - chemistry
zinc
Zinc - chemistry
SW
ATR-FTIR
FP
Biochar
Heavy metal
HW
Phenol
Adsorption
SG
500.Act
500
Activated carbon
700
Phenols
Surface properties
Biomass
Environmental management
ISSN:0301-4797, 1095-8630, 1095-8630
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In this work, the surface structures of biochars, derived from three types of biomass, switchgrass (SG), hardwood (HW) and softwood (SW) through either fast pyrolysis (FP) in a fluidized-bed reactor (at 500 °C) or slow pyrolysis (at 500° and 700 °C), were studied in detail, and compared with that of the activated carbons obtained by steam activation of the slow pyrolyzed biochars (at 500 °C). The surface acidic functional groups were determined quantitatively by the Boehm Titration method. The adsorptive properties of heavy metals, Zn2+ and Cu2+ onto the biochars and the activated carbons were investigated by the adsorption isotherms and SEM images, and correlated with the surface properties. ATR-FTIR and GC techniques were used to analyze the adsorptive behavior of phenol onto the biochars and activated carbons, and the results demonstrated that phenol adsorption capability is directly proportional to the micropore surface area as well as the combined level of the accessible carboxylic and lactonic groups. The relative adsorption capacity with respect to the biomass precursor follows the order: SW > HW > SG. ► pH 4.8 produced more favorable immobilization conditions for heavy metal. ► Phenol adsorbed onto fast pyrolysis biochar assumed a fast and irreversible process. ► Phenol adsorbed onto slow pyrolysis biochar was eliminated by heating and storage. ► Steam activation assumed a fast adsorption and desorption process for phenol.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.01.001
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ISSN:0301-4797
1095-8630
1095-8630
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.01.001