Heavy metal and phenol adsorptive properties of biochars from pyrolyzed switchgrass and woody biomass in correlation with surface properties

In this work, the surface structures of biochars, derived from three types of biomass, switchgrass (SG), hardwood (HW) and softwood (SW) through either fast pyrolysis (FP) in a fluidized-bed reactor (at 500 °C) or slow pyrolysis (at 500° and 700 °C), were studied in detail, and compared with that of...

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Vydané v:	Journal of environmental management Ročník 118; s. 196 - 204
Hlavní autori:	Han, Yanxue, Boateng, Akwasi A., Qi, Phoebe X., Lima, Isabel M., Chang, Jianmin
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 30.03.2013 Elsevier Academic Press Ltd
Predmet:	Activated carbon Adsorption Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology ATR-FTIR Biochar Biological and medical sciences Biomass Biomass energy Charcoal Charcoal - chemistry Chemistry Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife copper Copper - chemistry Correlation analysis Environmental change Fluidized bed reactors fluidized beds Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects hardwood Heavy metal Heavy metals Incineration Metals Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Panicum Panicum - chemistry Panicum virgatum Phenol Phenol - chemistry Phenols Porosity Property Proportional representation Pyrolysis Quantitative analysis softwood Softwoods sorption isotherms Species Specificity Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared surface area Surface Properties Temperature titration Wood Wood - chemistry zinc Zinc - chemistry SW ATR-FTIR FP Biochar Heavy metal HW Phenol Adsorption SG 500.Act 500 Activated carbon 700 Phenols Surface properties Biomass Environmental management
ISSN:	0301-4797, 1095-8630, 1095-8630
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Shrnutí:	In this work, the surface structures of biochars, derived from three types of biomass, switchgrass (SG), hardwood (HW) and softwood (SW) through either fast pyrolysis (FP) in a fluidized-bed reactor (at 500 °C) or slow pyrolysis (at 500° and 700 °C), were studied in detail, and compared with that of the activated carbons obtained by steam activation of the slow pyrolyzed biochars (at 500 °C). The surface acidic functional groups were determined quantitatively by the Boehm Titration method. The adsorptive properties of heavy metals, Zn2+ and Cu2+ onto the biochars and the activated carbons were investigated by the adsorption isotherms and SEM images, and correlated with the surface properties. ATR-FTIR and GC techniques were used to analyze the adsorptive behavior of phenol onto the biochars and activated carbons, and the results demonstrated that phenol adsorption capability is directly proportional to the micropore surface area as well as the combined level of the accessible carboxylic and lactonic groups. The relative adsorption capacity with respect to the biomass precursor follows the order: SW > HW > SG. ► pH 4.8 produced more favorable immobilization conditions for heavy metal. ► Phenol adsorbed onto fast pyrolysis biochar assumed a fast and irreversible process. ► Phenol adsorbed onto slow pyrolysis biochar was eliminated by heating and storage. ► Steam activation assumed a fast adsorption and desorption process for phenol.
Bibliografia:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.01.001 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2
ISSN:	0301-4797 1095-8630 1095-8630
DOI:	10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.01.001