COVID-19 lockdowns cause global air pollution declines

The lockdown response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an unprecedented reduction in global economic and transport activity. We test the hypothesis that this has reduced tropospheric and ground-level air pollution concentrations, using satellite data and a network of >10,000 air...

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Vydáno v:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Ročník 117; číslo 32; s. 18984
Hlavní autoři: Venter, Zander S, Aunan, Kristin, Chowdhury, Sourangsu, Lelieveld, Jos
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States 11.08.2020
Témata:
Air Pollutants - analysis
Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data
Atmosphere - chemistry
Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology
Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control
COVID-19
Humans
Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis
Ozone - analysis
Pandemics - prevention & control
Particulate Matter - analysis
Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology
Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control
Quarantine - economics
Quarantine - statistics & numerical data
Vehicle Emissions - analysis
nitrogen dioxide
particulate matter
emissions
COVID-19 confinement
air quality
ISSN:1091-6490, 1091-6490
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Shrnutí:The lockdown response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an unprecedented reduction in global economic and transport activity. We test the hypothesis that this has reduced tropospheric and ground-level air pollution concentrations, using satellite data and a network of >10,000 air quality stations. After accounting for the effects of meteorological variability, we find declines in the population-weighted concentration of ground-level nitrogen dioxide (NO : 60% with 95% CI 48 to 72%), and fine particulate matter (PM : 31%; 95% CI: 17 to 45%), with marginal increases in ozone (O : 4%; 95% CI: -2 to 10%) in 34 countries during lockdown dates up until 15 May. Except for ozone, satellite measurements of the troposphere indicate much smaller reductions, highlighting the spatial variability of pollutant anomalies attributable to complex NO chemistry and long-distance transport of fine particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM ). By leveraging Google and Apple mobility data, we find empirical evidence for a link between global vehicle transportation declines and the reduction of ambient NO exposure. While the state of global lockdown is not sustainable, these findings allude to the potential for mitigating public health risk by reducing "business as usual" air pollutant emissions from economic activities. Explore trends here: https://nina.earthengine.app/view/lockdown-pollution.
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2006853117