Ultrasensitive multispecies spectroscopic breath analysis for real-time health monitoring and diagnostics

Breath analysis enables rapid, noninvasive diagnostics, as well as long-term monitoring of human health, through the identification and quantification of exhaled biomarkers. Here, we demonstrate the remarkable capabilities of mid-infrared (mid-IR) cavity-enhanced direct-frequency comb spectroscopy (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 118; no. 40
Main Authors: Liang, Qizhong, Chan, Ya-Chu, Changala, P Bryan, Nesbitt, David J, Ye, Jun, Toscano, Jutta
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 05.10.2021
Subjects:
Biomarkers - metabolism
Breath Tests - methods
Humans
Sensitivity and Specificity
Spectrum Analysis - methods
breath analysis
frequency combs
spectroscopy
ISSN:1091-6490, 1091-6490
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Breath analysis enables rapid, noninvasive diagnostics, as well as long-term monitoring of human health, through the identification and quantification of exhaled biomarkers. Here, we demonstrate the remarkable capabilities of mid-infrared (mid-IR) cavity-enhanced direct-frequency comb spectroscopy (CE-DFCS) applied to breath analysis. We simultaneously detect and monitor as a function of time four breath biomarkers-[Formula: see text]OH, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]O, and HDO-as well as illustrate the feasibility of detecting at least six more ([Formula: see text]CO, [Formula: see text], OCS, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]) without modifications to the experimental apparatus. We achieve ultrahigh detection sensitivity at the parts-per-trillion level. This is made possible by the combination of the broadband spectral coverage of a frequency comb, the high spectral resolution afforded by the individual comb teeth, and the sensitivity enhancement resulting from a high-finesse cavity. Exploiting recent advances in frequency comb, optical coating, and photodetector technologies, we can access a large variety of biomarkers with strong carbon-hydrogen-bond spectral signatures in the mid-IR.
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ISSN:1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2105063118