The Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks

The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT; Frederick, 2005 ) is designed to measure the tendency to override a prepotent response alternative that is incorrect and to engage in further reflection that leads to the correct response. In this study, we showed that the CRT is a more potent predictor of perform...

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Vydáno v:	Memory & cognition Ročník 39; číslo 7; s. 1275 - 1289
Hlavní autoři:	Toplak, Maggie E., West, Richard F., Stanovich, Keith E.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York Springer-Verlag 01.10.2011 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Adult Behavioral Science and Psychology Bias Biological and medical sciences Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognition. Intelligence Cognitive ability Cognitive bias Cognitive functioning Cognitive Psychology Disposition Executive function Executive Function - physiology Expected values Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Heuristic Humans Individual differences Intelligence Intelligence - physiology Intelligence tests Male Neuropsychological Tests Predictive Value of Tests Psychology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Psychometrics - instrumentation Reasoning. Problem solving Regression Analysis Self report Studies Task performance Theories Thinking - physiology Young Adult Cognitive reflection test Intelligence Heuristics and biases Thinking dispositions Rational thinking Human Executive function Rational irrational Heuristics Psychometrics Cognition Experimental study Test validation Syllogism Reasoning Working memory Predictive factor Performance Cognitive bias
ISSN:	0090-502X, 1532-5946, 1532-5946
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Shrnutí:	The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT; Frederick, 2005 ) is designed to measure the tendency to override a prepotent response alternative that is incorrect and to engage in further reflection that leads to the correct response. In this study, we showed that the CRT is a more potent predictor of performance on a wide sample of tasks from the heuristics-and-biases literature than measures of cognitive ability, thinking dispositions, and executive functioning. Although the CRT has a substantial correlation with cognitive ability, a series of regression analyses indicated that the CRT was a unique predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks. It accounted for substantial additional variance after the other measures of individual differences had been statistically controlled. We conjecture that this is because neither intelligence tests nor measures of executive functioning assess the tendency toward miserly processing in the way that the CRT does. We argue that the CRT is a particularly potent measure of the tendency toward miserly processing because it is a performance measure rather than a self-report measure.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0090-502X 1532-5946 1532-5946
DOI:	10.3758/s13421-011-0104-1