Unconventional post-translational modifications in immunological signaling

Immune system proteins are subject to numerous post-translational modifications. In this Focus Review, Mowen and David describe the key 'non-conventional' modifications such as acetylation and nitrosylation that affect immunologically-relevant proteins. The activity of a cell is governed b...

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Vydané v:	Nature immunology Ročník 15; číslo 6; s. 512 - 520
Hlavní autori:	Mowen, Kerri A, David, Michael
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.06.2014 Nature Publishing Group
Predmet:	631/250/516 Acetylation Acetyltransferases - immunology Animals Biomedicine Cell Differentiation - immunology Cellular signal transduction Genetic aspects Health aspects Humans Hydrolases - genetics Hydrolases - immunology Immune response Immune system Immune System - immunology Immunology Infectious Diseases Methylation Methyltransferases - immunology Mice Phosphorylation Physiological aspects Post-translational modification Protein Processing, Post-Translational - genetics Protein Processing, Post-Translational - immunology Protein-Arginine Deiminases Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases - genetics Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases - immunology Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta - immunology Residues review-article Signal Transduction - immunology
ISSN:	1529-2908, 1529-2916, 1529-2916
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Immune system proteins are subject to numerous post-translational modifications. In this Focus Review, Mowen and David describe the key 'non-conventional' modifications such as acetylation and nitrosylation that affect immunologically-relevant proteins. The activity of a cell is governed by the signals it receives from the extracellular milieu, which are 'translated' into the appropriate biological output, such as activation, survival, proliferation, migration or differentiation. Signaling pathways are responsible for converting environmental cues into discrete intracellular events. The alteration of existing proteins by post-translational modification (PTM) is a key feature of signal-transduction pathways that allows the modulation of protein function. Research into PTMs has long been dominated by the investigation of protein phosphorylation; other PTMs, such as methylation of lysine and arginine residues, acetylation, and nitrosylation of thiol groups and tyrosine residues, have received comparatively little attention. This Review aims to present an overview of these PTMs, with an emphasis on their role in cells of the immune system.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	1529-2908 1529-2916 1529-2916
DOI:	10.1038/ni.2873