The incidence of sarcopenia among hospitalized older patients: results from the Glisten study

Background New evidence is emerging on the importance of lean body mass during periods of illness and recovery. The preservation of lean body mass during such periods of intense stress impacts both patient and treatment outcomes. However, data concerning the incidence of sarcopenia among older peopl...

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Published in:Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle Vol. 8; no. 6; pp. 907 - 914
Main Authors: Martone, Anna Maria, Bianchi, Lara, Abete, Pasquale, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Bo, Mario, Cherubini, Antonio, Corica, Francesco, Di Bari, Mauro, Maggio, Marcello, Manca, Giovanna Maria, Marzetti, Emanuele, Rizzo, Maria Rosaria, Rossi, Andrea, Volpato, Stefano, Landi, Francesco
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Germany John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.12.2017
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Acute care
Age
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Bed rest
Body composition
Body Mass Index
Clinical medicine
Female
Frailty
Gender
Geriatric Assessment
Geriatrics
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Humans
Incidence
Male
Malnutrition
Muscle
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology
Musculoskeletal system
Older people
Original
Patients
Public Health Surveillance
Risk Factors
Sarcopenia
Sarcopenia - diagnosis
Sarcopenia - epidemiology
Socioeconomic Factors
Studies
Women
Italy
Muscle
Bed rest
Malnutrition
Acute care
Incidence
ISSN:2190-5991, 2190-6009, 2190-6009
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Summary:Background New evidence is emerging on the importance of lean body mass during periods of illness and recovery. The preservation of lean body mass during such periods of intense stress impacts both patient and treatment outcomes. However, data concerning the incidence of sarcopenia among older people during hospitalization are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of sarcopenia in a sample of hospitalized older subjects. Methods We used data of 394 participants from the multicentre Italian Study conducted by the Gruppo Lavoro Italiano Sarcopenia—Trattamento e Nutrizione (GLISTEN) in 12 Acute Care Wards (Internal Medicine and Geriatrics) of University Hospitals across Italy. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia at hospital admission and the change in muscle mass and strength during hospitalization. Sarcopenia was defined as low skeletal mass index (kg/m2) along with either low handgrip strength or slow walking speed [European Working Groups on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria]. Estimation of skeletal muscle mass was performed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results The mean age of the 394 enrolled patients (including 211 females who accounted for 53% of the sample) was 79.6 ± 6.4 years. Among those without sarcopenia at hospital admission, 14.7% of the study sample met the EWGSOP sarcopenia diagnostic criteria at discharge. The incidence of sarcopenia during hospitalization was significantly associated with the number of days spent in bed but was not correlated with the total length of hospital stay. In particular, patients who developed sarcopenia spent an average of 5.1 days in bed compared with 3.2 days for those with no sarcopenia at discharge (P = 0.02). Patients with sarcopenia showed a significantly lower body mass index compared with non‐sarcopenic peers (25.0 ± 3.8 kg/m2 vs. 27.6 ± 4.9 kg/m2, respectively; P < 0.001). Similarly, the skeletal mass index at admission was significantly lower among patients who developed sarcopenia during hospital stay. Conclusions Incident sarcopenia during hospital stay is relatively common and is associated with nutritional status and the number of days of bed rest.
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GLISTEN Study Group investigators: Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy: Gloria Brombo, Beatrice Ortolani, Elisabetta Savino, Elisa Maietti; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Geriatric Rehabilitation Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy: Alberto Fisichella, Valeria Buttò; Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy: Mauro Zamboni, Cesare Caliari, Elena Ferrari; Research Unit of Medicine of Aging, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy: Francesco Orso, Flavia Sacco, Maria Laura DI Meo; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy: Anna Paola Cerri, Marco Motta, Francesca Pittella, Alessandra Bonfanti; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy: Sergio Fusco, Roberto Schepisi, Christian Ferro; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, SCDU Geriatria e Malattie Metaboliche dell'Osso, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette, Torino, Italy: Lorenzo Marchese, Luca Agosta; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy: Claudia Basile; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dell'Invecchiamento, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy: Carla Coppola, Anna Maria Dalise, Ilaria Fava; UOC di Geriatria Ospedale SS. Trinità ASL 8 Cagliari: Olga Catte, Maura Orrù, Paolo Salaris; Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy: Anna Maria Martone, Elena Ortolani, Sara Salini; Geriatrics and Geriatrics Emergency Care, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS–INRCA), Ancona, Italy: Giuseppina dell'Aquila, Barbara Carrieri.
ISSN:2190-5991
2190-6009
2190-6009
DOI:10.1002/jcsm.12224