Screening the Toxicity and Biodegradability of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by a Rapid Colorimetric Method

Crude oil and petroleum products have a wide variety of hazardous components with high toxicity and low biodegradability. Certain dyes change their colors by intercepting electron transfer reactions during the transformation processes. This study applied resazurin and 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology Vol. 68; no. 2; pp. 342 - 353
Main Authors: Montagnolli, Renato Nallin, Lopes, Paulo Renato Matos, Bidoia, Ederio Dino
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Boston Springer US 01.02.2015
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
absorbance
Acute toxicity
Bacillus subtilis
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Biodegradation, Environmental
Biotechnology
Biotransformation
byproducts
Carcinogens
cell structures
color
Colorimetry
Colorimetry - methods
Crude oil
Discoloration
dyes
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
electron transfer
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Gasoline
Germination - drug effects
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons - metabolism
Hydrocarbons - toxicity
inoculum
Metabolism
Microbial activity
microbial communities
Microorganisms
molecular weight
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
oils
Oxidation
Petroleum
Petroleum engineering
Petroleum hydrocarbons
Petroleum products
Phenol
Phenols
Phytotoxicity
Pollution
rapid methods
Screening
Seed germination
Soil Science & Conservation
solubility
Studies
Toxic
Toxicity
Toxicity testing
Toxicity Tests - methods
Toxicology
volatile compounds
Water pollution
Brazil
Biodegradation
PAHs
Petroleum Hydrocarbon
Diesel
Gasoline
ISSN:0090-4341, 1432-0703, 1432-0703
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Crude oil and petroleum products have a wide variety of hazardous components with high toxicity and low biodegradability. Certain dyes change their colors by intercepting electron transfer reactions during the transformation processes. This study applied resazurin and 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol indicators for a rapid screening biodegradation capability and toxicity response to various petroleum products such as motor oil, diesel, gasoline, and phenol. Colorimetry tests were performed in test tubes, and the absorbance values were measured over time. We observed different discoloration profiles after degradation tests using Bacillus subtilis inoculum. Phytotoxicity assays were also performed to compare colorimetric screening assays with a conventional toxicity testing with plants (seed germination). The results indicated that biotransformation of oils can increase its overall toxicity. Intermediate byproducts can be formed through biodegradation and thereby increase the toxicity of oils. The assessment of acute toxicity has shown that phenol is extremely toxic to petroleum-biodegrading microbial communities. Low molecular-weight gasoline was considered biodegradable, but it also exhibited a high acute toxic effect, mainly due to its high solubility and the presence of more volatile compounds that can penetrate cells and potentially damage cellular structures.
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ISSN:0090-4341
1432-0703
1432-0703
DOI:10.1007/s00244-014-0112-9