Plant viruses exploit insect salivary GAPDH to modulate plant defenses
Salivary proteins of insect herbivores can suppress plant defenses, but the roles of many remain elusive. One such protein is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from the saliva of the Recilia dorsalis (RdGAPDH) leafhopper, which is known to transmit rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV). Here w...
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| Vydané v: | Nature communications Ročník 15; číslo 1; s. 6918 - 21 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
12.08.2024
Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio |
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723, 2041-1723 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
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| Shrnutí: | Salivary proteins of insect herbivores can suppress plant defenses, but the roles of many remain elusive. One such protein is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from the saliva of the
Recilia dorsalis
(RdGAPDH) leafhopper, which is known to transmit rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV). Here we show that RdGAPDH was loaded into exosomes and released from salivary glands into the rice phloem through an exosomal pathway as
R. dorsalis
fed. In infected salivary glands of
R. dorsalis
, the virus upregulated the accumulation and subsequent release of exosomal RdGAPDH into the phloem. Once released, RdGAPDH consumed H
2
O
2
in rice plants owing to its –SH groups reacting with H
2
O
2
. This reduction in H
2
O
2
of rice plant facilitated
R. dorsalis
feeding and consequently promoted RGDV transmission. However, overoxidation of RdGAPDH could cause potential irreversible cytotoxicity to rice plants. In response, rice launched emergency defense by utilizing glutathione to
S
-glutathionylate the oxidization products of RdGAPDH. This process counteracts the potential cellular damage from RdGAPDH overoxidation, helping plant to maintain a normal phenotype. Additionally, salivary GAPDHs from other hemipterans vectors similarly suppressed H
2
O
2
burst in plants. We propose a strategy by which plant viruses exploit insect salivary proteins to modulate plant defenses, thus enabling sustainable insect feeding and facilitating viral transmission.
Salivary proteins of insect herbivores can suppress plant defenses. Here, Wang et al show that exosomal GAPDH in leafhopper saliva reduces the hydrogen peroxide in rice plants to supress resistance to leafhopper feeding and viral transmission. |
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| Bibliografia: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 2041-1723 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-024-51369-8 |