Results of a cognitive behavior therapy-based intervention for antenatal anxiety on birth outcomes in Pakistan: a randomized control trial

Antenatal anxiety is among the risk factors for adverse birth outcomes, which are common in Pakistan. Between 2019 and 2022, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of the Happy Mother-Healthy Baby program, designed to reduce anxiety during pregnancy through use of Cogniti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 13806 - 10
Main Authors: Siebach, Kirsten F., Perin, Jamie, Malik, Abid, Atif, Najia, Zaidi, Ahmed, Rahman, Atif, Surkan, Pamela J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 14.06.2024
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
631/477
692/308
Adult
Anxiety
Anxiety - therapy
Behavior modification
Behavior therapy
Birth weight
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - methods
Female
Gestational age
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Infant, Low Birth Weight
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
multidisciplinary
NCT
NCT03880032
Pakistan - epidemiology
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications - psychology
Pregnancy Complications - therapy
Pregnancy Outcome
Premature birth
Premature Birth - prevention & control
Prenatal Care - methods
Risk factors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Small for gestational age
Young Adult
Pakistan
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Antenatal anxiety is among the risk factors for adverse birth outcomes, which are common in Pakistan. Between 2019 and 2022, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of the Happy Mother-Healthy Baby program, designed to reduce anxiety during pregnancy through use of Cognitive Behavior Therapy, on birth outcomes with 796 women in Rwalpindi, Pakistan. We performed intent-to-treat analysis and per protocol analyses. Intention-to-treat analyses showed no difference in the odds of low birthweight (LBW) (Adj. OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.55–1.28 p = 0.37), preterm birth (PTB) (Adj. OR = 1.20 95% CI 0.83–1.71, p = 0.33) or small-for-gestational age (SGA) birth, (Adj. OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.56–1.09, p = 0.16). Among completers who received ≥ 5 intervention sessions, the odds of LBW and SGA were 39% and 32% lower (Adj. OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.87, p < 0.01; Adj. OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.89, p < 0.01). The significant LBW and SGA results among the intervention completers suggest that the program may be effective when a sufficient dose is received. However, confirmation of these findings is needed due to the fact that randomization is not maintained in completer analyses. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03880032, 19/03/2019.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-64119-z