Dual-energy computed tomography in acute ischemic stroke: state-of-the-art

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows distinguishing between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but different atomic numbers. Recent studies demonstrated that this technique has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. Af...

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Veröffentlicht in:European radiology Jg. 31; H. 6; S. 4138 - 4147
Hauptverfasser: Mangesius, Stephanie, Janjic, Tanja, Steiger, Ruth, Haider, Lukas, Rehwald, Rafael, Knoflach, Michael, Widmann, Gerlig, Gizewski, Elke, Grams, Astrid
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.06.2021
Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:
Attenuation
Blood-brain barrier
Cardiovascular system
Cerebral infarction
Computed tomography
Decision making
Diagnostic Radiology
Energy
Hemorrhage
Imaging
Infarction
Internal Medicine
Interventional Radiology
Ischemia
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neuro
Neuroradiology
Patients
Radiology
State-of-the-art reviews
Stroke
Ultrasound
Brain ischemia
Stroke
Tomography, X-ray computed
Hemorrhage
Thrombosis
ISSN:0938-7994, 1432-1084, 1432-1084
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows distinguishing between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but different atomic numbers. Recent studies demonstrated that this technique has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. After endovascular stroke therapy (EST), hyperdense areas can represent either hemorrhage or contrast staining due to blood-brain barrier disruption, which can be differentiated reliably by DECT. Further applications are improved visualization of early infarctions, compared to single-energy computed tomography, and prediction of transformation into infarction or hemorrhage in contrast-enhancing areas. In addition, DECT allows detection and evaluation of the material composition of intra-arterial clots after EST. This review summarizes the clinical state-of-the-art of DECT in patients with stroke, and features some prospects for future developments. Key points • Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows differentiation between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but differentatomic numbers. • DECT has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. • Prospects for future developments in DECT may improve treatment decision-making.
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ISSN:0938-7994
1432-1084
1432-1084
DOI:10.1007/s00330-020-07543-9