Genome-wide autosomal, mtDNA, and Y chromosome analysis of King Bela III of the Hungarian Arpad dynasty

The ancient Hungarians, “Madzsars”, established their control of the Carpathian Basin in the late ninth century and founded the Hungarian Kingdom around 1000AD. The origin of the Magyars as a tribal federation has been much debated in the past. From the time of the conquest to the early fourteenth c...

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Vydané v:Scientific reports Ročník 11; číslo 1; s. 19210 - 9
Hlavní autori: Wang, Chuan-Chao, Posth, Cosimo, Furtwängler, Anja, Sümegi, Katalin, Bánfai, Zsolt, Kásler, Miklós, Krause, Johannes, Melegh, Béla
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: London Nature Publishing Group UK 28.09.2021
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Predmet:
631/208/1516
631/208/182
631/208/457
631/208/721
631/208/727
631/208/728
Asians - genetics
Chromosomes, Human, Y - genetics
DNA, Ancient
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Female
Genetic diversity
Genetics, Population
Genomes
Haplotypes
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Hungary
Male
Mitochondrial DNA
multidisciplinary
Pedigree
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Y chromosomes
Hungary
Central Asia
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
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Shrnutí:The ancient Hungarians, “Madzsars”, established their control of the Carpathian Basin in the late ninth century and founded the Hungarian Kingdom around 1000AD. The origin of the Magyars as a tribal federation has been much debated in the past. From the time of the conquest to the early fourteenth century they were ruled by descendants of the Arpad family. In order to learn more about the genetic origin of this family, we here analyzed the genome of Bela III one of the most prominent members of the early Hungarian dynasty that ruled the Hungarian Kingdom from 1172 to 1196. The Y-Chromosome of Bela III belongs to haplogroup R1a-Z2123 that is today found in highest frequency in Central Asia, supporting a Central Asian origin for the ruling lineage of the Hungarian kingdom. The autosomal DNA profile of Bela III, however, falls within the genetic variation of present-day east European populations. This is further supported through his mtDNA genome that belongs to haplogroup H, the most common European maternal lineage, but also found in Central Asia. However, we didn’t find an exact haplotype match for Bela III. The typical autosomal and maternal Central Eastern European ancestry among Bela III autosomes might be best explained by consecutive intermarriage with local European ruling families.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-98796-x