Principles of meiotic chromosome assembly revealed in S. cerevisiae

During meiotic prophase, chromosomes organise into a series of chromatin loops emanating from a proteinaceous axis, but the mechanisms of assembly remain unclear. Here we use Saccharomyces cerevisiae to explore how this elaborate three-dimensional chromosome organisation is linked to genomic sequenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 4795 - 12
Main Authors: Schalbetter, Stephanie A., Fudenberg, Geoffrey, Baxter, Jonathan, Pollard, Katherine S., Neale, Matthew J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 22.10.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
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Assembly
Cell Cycle Proteins - genetics
Cell Cycle Proteins - metabolism
Chromatin
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - genetics
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism
Chromosomes
Chromosomes, Fungal - chemistry
Chromosomes, Fungal - physiology
Cohesin
Cohesins
Computer Simulation
Extrusion
Humanities and Social Sciences
Interphase
Mammals
Meiosis
multidisciplinary
Principles
Prophase
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Synaptonemal Complex - metabolism
Yeast
ISSN:2041-1723, 2041-1723
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:During meiotic prophase, chromosomes organise into a series of chromatin loops emanating from a proteinaceous axis, but the mechanisms of assembly remain unclear. Here we use Saccharomyces cerevisiae to explore how this elaborate three-dimensional chromosome organisation is linked to genomic sequence. As cells enter meiosis, we observe that strong cohesin-dependent grid-like Hi-C interaction patterns emerge, reminiscent of mammalian interphase organisation, but with distinct regulation. Meiotic patterns agree with simulations of loop extrusion with growth limited by barriers, in which a heterogeneous population of expanding loops develop along the chromosome. Importantly, CTCF, the factor that imposes similar features in mammalian interphase, is absent in S. cerevisiae , suggesting alternative mechanisms of barrier formation. While grid-like interactions emerge independently of meiotic chromosome synapsis, synapsis itself generates additional compaction that matures differentially according to telomere proximity and chromosome size. Collectively, our results elucidate fundamental principles of chromosome assembly and demonstrate the essential role of cohesin within this evolutionarily conserved process. During meiotic prophase chromosomes organise into a series of chromatin loops, but the mechanisms of assembly remain unclear. Here the authors use Saccharomyces cerevisiae to elucidate how this elaborate three-dimensional chromosome organisation is linked to genomic sequence, and demonstrate an essential role for cohesin during this process.
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ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-12629-0