Effects of central arterial aging on the structure and function of the peripheral vasculature: implications for end-organ damage

Over the past decade, numerous studies have shown that increased aortic stiffness is associated with major cardiovascular disease end points, including heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Cardiac abnormalities and enhanced atherogenesis in the setting of increased pulsatile load on heart and...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Journal of applied physiology (1985) Jg. 105; H. 5; S. 1652
1. Verfasser:	Mitchell, Gary F
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States 01.11.2008
Schlagworte:	Age Factors Aging - pathology Animals Aorta - pathology Aorta - physiopathology Blood Pressure Cerebrovascular Disorders - etiology Cerebrovascular Disorders - pathology Cerebrovascular Disorders - physiopathology Cognition Disorders - etiology Cognition Disorders - pathology Cognition Disorders - physiopathology Elasticity Hemodynamics Humans Kidney Diseases - etiology Kidney Diseases - pathology Kidney Diseases - physiopathology Microcirculation Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - pathology Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - physiopathology Peripheral Vascular Diseases - etiology Peripheral Vascular Diseases - pathology Peripheral Vascular Diseases - physiopathology Pulsatile Flow Regional Blood Flow
ISSN:	8750-7587
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Over the past decade, numerous studies have shown that increased aortic stiffness is associated with major cardiovascular disease end points, including heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Cardiac abnormalities and enhanced atherogenesis in the setting of increased pulsatile load on heart and arteries have been well described. However, recent studies have shown a further association between excessive pressure pulsatility and a number of afflictions of aging that share a predominant microvascular etiology, including many forms of kidney disease and cognitive impairment. In these disorders, microvascular remodeling and impaired regulation of local blood flow, which are related to large artery stiffness and pressure pulsatility, are associated with evidence of diffuse microscopic tissue damage. This brief review will summarize age-related changes in aortic and peripheral vascular function and will discuss potential mechanisms leading from changes in properties of large arteries to excessive pressure pulsatility, abnormal microvascular structure and function, and end-organ dysfunction and damage.
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	8750-7587
DOI:	10.1152/japplphysiol.90549.2008