World Spread of Tropical Soda Apple (Solanum viarum) under Global Change: Historical Reconstruction, Niche Shift, and Potential Geographic Distribution

Solanum viarum has become extensively invasive owing to international trade, climate change, and land–use change. As it is classified as a quarantine weed by countries such as the U.S. and Mexico, it is critical to understand the prevailing historical dispersal, ecological niche dynamics, and distri...

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Vydané v:	Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Ročník 12; číslo 9; s. 1179
Hlavní autori:	Qi, Yuhan, Xian, Xiaoqing, Zhao, Haoxiang, Yang, Ming, Zhang, Yu, Yu, Wentao, Liu, Wanxue
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Basel MDPI AG 29.08.2023 MDPI
Predmet:	Biological Sciences climate Climate change cropland Datasets Dispersal ecological niche ecosystem Ecosystems forests Fruits Geographical distribution Geography Global temperature changes Grasslands International trade Introduced species invasive alien plants Invasive species Land use land use change Latitude Mexico Niche (Ecology) Niches Postwar reconstruction Quarantine Solanum viarum Trends Weeds South America Brazil Australia North America China Western Europe Mexico
ISSN:	2079-7737, 2079-7737
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Shrnutí:	Solanum viarum has become extensively invasive owing to international trade, climate change, and land–use change. As it is classified as a quarantine weed by countries such as the U.S. and Mexico, it is critical to understand the prevailing historical dispersal, ecological niche dynamics, and distribution patterns. We reconstructed the historical invasion countries and analyzed the ecological niche shift of S. viarum. Using MaxEnt based on the conservativeness of ecological niches, we studied variations in the potential geographical distributions (PGDs) of S. viarum in ecosystems and variations in suitability probabilities along latitudinal gradients. The invasion history in six continents involved three phases: lag (before 1980), spread (1980–2010), and equilibrium (2010–present). The ecological niche remains conserved. The area of S. viarum PGDs had increased by 259 km2; the PGDs will expand to reach a maximum in the 2050s, SSP5–8.5. The PGDs of S. viarum will migrate to higher latitudes under the same future climate scenarios. The latitudes subject to high threats range from 20° to 30° in forest and cropland ecosystems, 15.5° to 27.5° (northern hemisphere) and 33.1° to 42.8° (southern hemisphere) in grassland ecosystems, and 20° to 35° in urban ecosystems. Global change has led to an increased threat of S. viarum at high latitudes. These findings provide a theoretical basis to monitor and control S. viarum.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	2079-7737 2079-7737
DOI:	10.3390/biology12091179