Viral–Bacterial Interactions in Acute Otitis Media

Acute otitis media (AOM) is a polymicrobial disease, which usually occurs as a complication of viral upper respiratory tract infection (URI). While respiratory viruses alone may cause viral AOM, they increase the risk of bacterial middle ear infection and worsen clinical outcomes of bacterial AOM. U...

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Vydáno v:Current allergy and asthma reports Ročník 12; číslo 6; s. 551 - 558
Hlavní autoři: Marom, Tal, Nokso-Koivisto, Johanna, Chonmaitree, Tasnee
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: New York Current Science Inc 01.12.2012
Springer Nature B.V
Témata:
Acute Disease
Adenoviridae - pathogenicity
Adult
Allergology
Bacterial Vaccines - therapeutic use
Child
Disease Progression
Eustachian Tube - microbiology
Eustachian Tube - virology
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microbial Interactions
Nasopharynx - microbiology
Nasopharynx - virology
Orthomyxoviridae - pathogenicity
Otitis (Dp Skoner
Otitis (Dp Skoner, Section Editor)
Otitis Media - microbiology
Otitis Media - prevention & control
Otitis Media - virology
Respiratory Mucosa - microbiology
Respiratory Mucosa - virology
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - pathogenicity
Respiratory Tract Infections - complications
Rhinovirus - pathogenicity
Section Editor
Respiratory syncytial virus
Upper respiratory tract infection
Adenovirus
Influenza
Middle ear fluid
Respiratory viruses
Vaccine
Eustachian tube
Rhinovirus
ISSN:1529-7322, 1534-6315, 1534-6315
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Popis
Shrnutí:Acute otitis media (AOM) is a polymicrobial disease, which usually occurs as a complication of viral upper respiratory tract infection (URI). While respiratory viruses alone may cause viral AOM, they increase the risk of bacterial middle ear infection and worsen clinical outcomes of bacterial AOM. URI viruses alter Eustachian tube (ET) function via decreased mucociliary action, altered mucus secretion and increased expression of inflammatory mediators among other mechanisms. Transient reduction in protective functions of the ET allows colonizing bacteria of the nasopharynx to ascend into the middle ear and cause AOM. Advances in research help us to better understand the host responses to viral URI, the mechanisms of viral–bacterial interactions in the nasopharynx and the development of AOM. In this review, we present current knowledge regarding viral–bacterial interactions in the pathogenesis and clinical course of AOM. We focus on the common respiratory viruses and their established role in AOM.
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ISSN:1529-7322
1534-6315
1534-6315
DOI:10.1007/s11882-012-0303-2