Composite Mapping for Peptide‐Based Data Storage with Higher Coding Density and Fewer Synthesis Cycles

Peptides are natural information‐bearing mediums and are promising for high‐density data storage. However, conventional mapping of one amino acid (AA) to one binary code has limited the improvement of coding density by increasing the total number of different AAs. Here, a novel composite mapping str...

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Veröffentlicht in:Advanced science Jg. 12; H. 27; S. e2503790 - n/a
Hauptverfasser: Zhang, Anxun, Wang, Longjie, Zhai, Xiaowei, Xiao, Yao, Wu, Yanchan, Zhao, Yongxi, Liu, Kai, Zheng, Ji‐Shen, Chen, Dong
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Germany John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2025
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Wiley
Schlagworte:
Algorithms
Amino Acid Sequence
Amino Acids - chemistry
Amino Acids - genetics
Codes
composite mapping
data storage
Information Storage and Retrieval - methods
Mass spectrometry
mass spectrometry sequencing
Peptides
Peptides - chemistry
Probability
Scientific imaging
solid‐phase peptide synthesis
statistical analysis
composite mapping
data storage
statistical analysis
solid‐phase peptide synthesis
mass spectrometry sequencing
ISSN:2198-3844, 2198-3844
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Zusammenfassung:Peptides are natural information‐bearing mediums and are promising for high‐density data storage. However, conventional mapping of one amino acid (AA) to one binary code has limited the improvement of coding density by increasing the total number of different AAs. Here, a novel composite mapping strategy is developed, where each position in the peptide sequence is a composite letter consisting of several different AAs, and thousands of composite letters are available for mapping, thus breaking the limit of conventional mapping. When 20 different AAs are used, the coding density of six‐AAs composite mapping achieves 15 bits/letter, while conventional mapping only reaches 4 bits/AA. The whole process of encoding data into composite letter sequences, synthesizing composite letter sequences via solid‐phase peptide synthesis, sequencing composite letter sequences by mass spectrometry, and decoding data from composite letter sequences is successfully demonstrated for the first time. Composite mapping also demonstrates several distinct advantages, including high coding density, few synthesis cycles, high reliability against errors, low probability of homopolymers, and good compatibility with other encoding algorithms. The developed composite mapping strategy provides a novel way for peptide‐based data storage to increase the coding density and reduce the synthesis cycles, showing great potential for large‐scale data storage. A novel composite mapping strategy for peptide‐based data storage is presented, which enhances coding density by using composite letters made up of multiple amino acids. This approach significantly increases data encoding capacity, achieving 15 bits per letter. The method demonstrates high reliability, low error rates, and compatibility with other encoding systems, showing great potential for large‐scale data storage.
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ISSN:2198-3844
2198-3844
DOI:10.1002/advs.202503790