Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks

Quantum networks have experienced rapid advancements in both theoretical and experimental domains over the last decade, making it increasingly important to understand their large-scale features from the viewpoint of statistical physics. This review paper discusses a fundamental question: how can ent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 11; p. 1564
Main Authors: Meng, Xiangyi, Hu, Xinqi, Tian, Yu, Dong, Gaogao, Lambiotte, Renaud, Gao, Jianxi, Havlin, Shlomo
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.11.2023
Subjects:
Analysis
Book publishing
Communication
critical phenomena
entanglement distribution
hypergraph
Network design
Network topologies
networks of networks
Nodes
percolation
Percolation theory
quantum network
Quantum physics
Statistical physics
Surveys
United Kingdom
Germany
critical phenomena
hypergraph
networks of networks
percolation
entanglement distribution
quantum network
ISSN:1099-4300, 1099-4300
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Quantum networks have experienced rapid advancements in both theoretical and experimental domains over the last decade, making it increasingly important to understand their large-scale features from the viewpoint of statistical physics. This review paper discusses a fundamental question: how can entanglement be effectively and indirectly (e.g., through intermediate nodes) distributed between distant nodes in an imperfect quantum network, where the connections are only partially entangled and subject to quantum noise? We survey recent studies addressing this issue by drawing exact or approximate mappings to percolation theory, a branch of statistical physics centered on network connectivity. Notably, we show that the classical percolation frameworks do not uniquely define the network’s indirect connectivity. This realization leads to the emergence of an alternative theory called “concurrence percolation”, which uncovers a previously unrecognized quantum advantage that emerges at large scales, suggesting that quantum networks are more resilient than initially assumed within classical percolation contexts, offering refreshing insights into future quantum network design.
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ISSN:1099-4300
1099-4300
DOI:10.3390/e25111564