Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality: Advances Since 2009

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The...

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Published in:	Progress in cardiovascular diseases Vol. 60; no. 1; pp. 11 - 20
Main Authors:	Harber, Matthew P., Kaminsky, Leonard A., Arena, Ross, Blair, Steven N., Franklin, Barry A., Myers, Jonathan, Ross, Robert
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01.07.2017
Subjects:	Aerobic capacity Cardiovascular Cardiovascular disease Exercise Physical activity VO2max O2 Physical activity T2D Cardiovascular disease CPX HFH VA CR CVD PA PAD CV Exercise CRF UK ACLS VO2max Aerobic capacity AHA NHANES MI MET CHD BMI Myocardial infarction Type 2 diabetes Cardiovascular Physical Activity Veterans Affairs Medical Centers Body mass index Cardiopulmonary exercise testing Cardiac rehabilitation Henry Ford Hospital O 2 Oxygen Peripheral arterial disease United Kingdom Coronary heart disease Metabolic equivalent American Heart Association maximal oxygen consumption aerobic capacity Cardiorespiratory fitness Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VO(2max)
ISSN:	0033-0620, 1873-1740, 1532-8643, 1873-1740
Online Access:	Get full text
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Abstract	Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality.
AbstractList	Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality.Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Abstract Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max ) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO ) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality.
Author	Myers, Jonathan Kaminsky, Leonard A. Blair, Steven N. Franklin, Barry A. Arena, Ross Harber, Matthew P. Ross, Robert
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Matthew P. surname: Harber fullname: Harber, Matthew P. organization: Clinical Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Leonard A. surname: Kaminsky fullname: Kaminsky, Leonard A. email: kaminskyla@bsu.edu organization: Clinical Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Ross surname: Arena fullname: Arena, Ross organization: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Steven N. surname: Blair fullname: Blair, Steven N. organization: Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Barry A. surname: Franklin fullname: Franklin, Barry A. organization: Preventive Cardiology/Cardiac Rehab, William Beaumont Hospital, Rochester, MI, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Jonathan surname: Myers fullname: Myers, Jonathan organization: Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Robert surname: Ross fullname: Ross, Robert organization: School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28286137$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human... Abstract Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity...
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SubjectTerms	Aerobic capacity Cardiovascular Cardiovascular disease Exercise Physical activity VO2max
Title	Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality: Advances Since 2009
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