Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review

Globally, soil salinity has been on the rise owing to various factors that are both human and environmental. The abiotic stress caused by soil salinity has become one of the most damaging abiotic stresses faced by crop plants, resulting in significant yield losses. Salt stress induces physiological...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 12; p. 1255
Main Authors: Saradadevi, Gargi Prasad, Das, Debajit, Mangrauthia, Satendra K., Mohapatra, Sridev, Chikkaputtaiah, Channakeshavaiah, Roorkiwal, Manish, Solanki, Manish, Sundaram, Raman Meenakshi, Chirravuri, Neeraja N., Sakhare, Akshay S., Kota, Suneetha, Varshney, Rajeev K., Mohannath, Gireesha
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.12.2021
MDPI
Subjects:
Abiotic stress
Cell division
Crop yield
Crops
Cytoplasm
Environmental factors
Enzymes
Epigenetics
epiRIL
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Genetic diversity
Genetic engineering
genetic variation
genome
genome editing
Genomes
Genomics
genomics breeding
Groundwater
Homeostasis
humans
Inbreeding
Kinases
Meiosis
molecular biology
Oxidative stress
Physiology
plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
Polyamines
Proteins
Review
Reviews
Salinity
Salinity effects
salinity stress
Salinity tolerance
Salt
salt stress
salt tolerance
Signal transduction
Soil salinity
Toxicity
genomics breeding
genome editing
epiRIL
salinity stress
genetic engineering
plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
ISSN:2079-7737, 2079-7737
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Globally, soil salinity has been on the rise owing to various factors that are both human and environmental. The abiotic stress caused by soil salinity has become one of the most damaging abiotic stresses faced by crop plants, resulting in significant yield losses. Salt stress induces physiological and morphological modifications in plants as a result of significant changes in gene expression patterns and signal transduction cascades. In this comprehensive review, with a major focus on recent advances in the field of plant molecular biology, we discuss several approaches to enhance salinity tolerance in plants comprising various classical and advanced genetic and genetic engineering approaches, genomics and genome editing technologies, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-based approaches. Furthermore, based on recent advances in the field of epigenetics, we propose novel approaches to create and exploit heritable genome-wide epigenetic variation in crop plants to enhance salinity tolerance. Specifically, we describe the concepts and the underlying principles of epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) and other epigenetic variants and methods to generate them. The proposed epigenetic approaches also have the potential to create additional genetic variation by modulating meiotic crossover frequency.
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Equal contribution.
ISSN:2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI:10.3390/biology10121255