Strategies to improve the efficiency of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for reversal of liver fibrosis

End‐stage liver fibrosis frequently progresses to portal vein thrombosis, formation of oesophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), when transplanted in vivo, migrate into fibrogenic livers and then differentiate int...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Jg. 23; H. 3; S. 1657 - 1670
Hauptverfasser: Hu, Chenxia, Zhao, Lingfei, Duan, Jinfeng, Li, Lanjuan
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.03.2019
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Schlagworte:
Animals
Ascites
Bile
Cell Differentiation
Cytokines
Esophagus
Fibrosis
Growth factors
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocytes
Humans
improvement
Inflammation
Liver
Liver cancer
Liver Cirrhosis - pathology
Liver Cirrhosis - therapy
Liver diseases
Liver failure
liver fibrosis
Liver Regeneration
mechanism
mesenchymal stem cell
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - methods
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology
Mesenchyme
Portal vein
Quality of life
regression
Review
Reviews
Stem cell transplantation
Thrombosis
mesenchymal stem cell
liver fibrosis
improvement
mechanism
regression
ISSN:1582-1838, 1582-4934, 1582-4934
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Zusammenfassung:End‐stage liver fibrosis frequently progresses to portal vein thrombosis, formation of oesophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), when transplanted in vivo, migrate into fibrogenic livers and then differentiate into hepatocyte‐like cells or fuse with hepatocytes to protect liver function. Moreover, they can produce various growth factors and cytokines with anti‐inflammatory effects to reverse the fibrotic state of the liver. In addition, only a small number of MSCs migrate to the injured tissue after cell transplantation; consequently, multiple studies have investigated effective strategies to improve the survival rate and activity of MSCs for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this review, we intend to arrange and analyse the current evidence related to MSC transplantation in liver fibrosis, to summarize the detailed mechanisms of MSC transplantation for the reversal of liver fibrosis and to discuss new strategies for this treatment. Finally, and most importantly, we will identify the current problems with MSC‐based therapies to repair liver fibrosis that must be addressed in order to develop safer and more effective routes for MSC transplantation. In this way, it will soon be possible to significantly improve the therapeutic effects of MSC transplantation for liver regeneration, as well as enhance the quality of life and prolong the survival time of patients with liver fibrosis.
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Chenxia Hu and Lingfei Zhao contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1582-1838
1582-4934
1582-4934
DOI:10.1111/jcmm.14115