Overreliance on auditory feedback may lead to sound/syllable repetitions: Simulations of stuttering and fluency-inducing conditions with a neural model of speech production
This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback contr...
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| Published in: | Journal of fluency disorders Vol. 35; no. 3; pp. 246 - 279 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Amsterdam
Elsevier Inc
01.09.2010
Elsevier |
| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 0094-730X, 1873-801X, 1873-801X |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Abstract | This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to “reset” and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a “neurally impaired” version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model's outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS’ fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject's speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control.
Educational objectives
: The reader will be able to (a) describe the contribution of auditory feedback control and feedforward control to normal and stuttered speech production, (b) summarize the neural modeling approach to speech production and its application to stuttering, and (c) explain how the DIVA model accounts for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. |
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| AbstractList | This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to “reset” and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a “neurally impaired” version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model's outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS’ fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject's speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control.
Educational objectives
: The reader will be able to (a) describe the contribution of auditory feedback control and feedforward control to normal and stuttered speech production, (b) summarize the neural modeling approach to speech production and its application to stuttering, and (c) explain how the DIVA model accounts for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to 'reset' and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a 'neurally impaired' version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model's outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS' fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject's speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control. Educational objectives: The reader will be able to (a) describe the contribution of auditory feedback control and feedforward control to normal and stuttered speech production, (b) summarize the neural modeling approach to speech production and its application to stuttering, and (c) explain how the DIVA model accounts for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. [Copyright Elsevier Inc.] This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to "reset" and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a "neurally impaired" version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model's outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS' fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject's speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control.UNLABELLEDThis paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to "reset" and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a "neurally impaired" version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model's outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS' fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject's speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control.The reader will be able to (a) describe the contribution of auditory feedback control and feedforward control to normal and stuttered speech production, (b) summarize the neural modeling approach to speech production and its application to stuttering, and (c) explain how the DIVA model accounts for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise.EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVESThe reader will be able to (a) describe the contribution of auditory feedback control and feedforward control to normal and stuttered speech production, (b) summarize the neural modeling approach to speech production and its application to stuttering, and (c) explain how the DIVA model accounts for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to "reset" and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a "neurally impaired" version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model's outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS' fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject's speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control. The reader will be able to (a) describe the contribution of auditory feedback control and feedforward control to normal and stuttered speech production, (b) summarize the neural modeling approach to speech production and its application to stuttering, and (c) explain how the DIVA model accounts for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. This paper investigates the hypothesis that stuttering may result in part from impaired readout of feedforward control of speech, which forces persons who stutter (PWS) to produce speech with a motor strategy that is weighted too much toward auditory feedback control. Over-reliance on feedback control leads to production errors which, if they grow large enough, can cause the motor system to “reset” and repeat the current syllable. This hypothesis is investigated using computer simulations of a “neurally impaired” version of the DIVA model, a neural network model of speech acquisition and production. The model’s outputs are compared to published acoustic data from PWS’ fluent speech, and to combined acoustic and articulatory movement data collected from the dysfluent speech of one PWS. The simulations mimic the errors observed in the PWS subject’s speech, as well as the repairs of these errors. Additional simulations were able to account for enhancements of fluency gained by slowed/prolonged speech and masking noise. Together these results support the hypothesis that many dysfluencies in stuttering are due to a bias away from feedforward control and toward feedback control. |
| Author | Civier, Oren Tasko, Stephen M. Guenther, Frank H. |
| AuthorAffiliation | d Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA a Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA b Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI c Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: c Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA – name: b Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI – name: a Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA – name: d Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Oren surname: Civier fullname: Civier, Oren email: orenciv@gmail.com organization: Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Stephen M. surname: Tasko fullname: Tasko, Stephen M. organization: Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Frank H. surname: Guenther fullname: Guenther, Frank H. organization: Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23273149$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20831971$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2010 Elsevier Inc. 2015 INIST-CNRS |
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| Keywords | Error monitoring Fluency enhancement Auditory feedback Stuttering Human Verbal fluidity Feedback regulation Verbal production Language disorder Communication disorder Hearing Language Perception Models Repetition Syllable |
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| PublicationTitle | Journal of fluency disorders |
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Hearing Research doi: 10.1044/jshr.1504.771 |
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| SubjectTerms | Auditory feedback Auditory Perception - physiology Auditory Processing Biological and medical sciences Biomechanical Phenomena - physiology Child clinical studies Computer Modeling and Simulation Disorders of higher nervous function. Focal brain diseases. Central vestibular syndrome and deafness. Brain stem syndromes Error Analysis Error monitoring Feedback Feedback, Sensory - physiology Fluency Fluency enhancement Humans Language and communication disorders Medical sciences Models, Neurological Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Neural Networks Neural Networks, Computer Neurology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Speech - physiology Speech Acoustics Speech Motor Control Speech Perception - physiology Speech Production Stuttering Stuttering - etiology Stuttering - physiopathology |
| Title | Overreliance on auditory feedback may lead to sound/syllable repetitions: Simulations of stuttering and fluency-inducing conditions with a neural model of speech production |
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