Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Endocrine Disorders

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the organelle where secretory and membrane proteins are synthesized and folded. Unfolded proteins that are retained within the ER can cause ER stress. Eukaryotic cells have a defense system called the “unfolded protein response” (UPR), which protects cells from ER s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 18; no. 2; p. 382
Main Authors: Ariyasu, Daisuke, Yoshida, Hiderou, Hasegawa, Yukihiro
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 11.02.2017
MDPI
Subjects:
Animals
Diabetes
Disease Models, Animal
Endocrine System Diseases - diagnosis
Endocrine System Diseases - etiology
Endocrine System Diseases - metabolism
Endocrine System Diseases - therapy
Endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Humans
Mammals
Review
Signal Transduction
Unfolded Protein Response
endocrine disorder
old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS) family
chemical chaperone
PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)
inositol requirement 1 (IRE1)
activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)
endoplasmic reticulum stress
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the organelle where secretory and membrane proteins are synthesized and folded. Unfolded proteins that are retained within the ER can cause ER stress. Eukaryotic cells have a defense system called the “unfolded protein response” (UPR), which protects cells from ER stress. Cells undergo apoptosis when ER stress exceeds the capacity of the UPR, which has been revealed to cause human diseases. Although neurodegenerative diseases are well-known ER stress-related diseases, it has been discovered that endocrine diseases are also related to ER stress. In this review, we focus on ER stress-related human endocrine disorders. In addition to diabetes mellitus, which is well characterized, several relatively rare genetic disorders such as familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (FNDI), Wolfram syndrome, and isolated growth hormone deficiency type II (IGHD2) are discussed in this article.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms18020382