Neurovascular Unit: A critical role in ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke (IS), a common cerebrovascular disease, results from a sudden blockage of a blood vessel in the brain, thereby restricting blood supply to the area in question, and making a significantly negative impact on human health. Unfortunately, current treatments, that are mainly based on a r...

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Published in:CNS neuroscience & therapeutics Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 7 - 16
Main Authors: Wang, Liyun, Xiong, Xiaoxing, Zhang, Luyuan, Shen, Jian
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.01.2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Blood vessels
Blood-brain barrier
Brain damage
Cerebrovascular diseases
Edema
Growth factors
Immune response
Inflammation
Ischemia
Medical prognosis
MicroRNAs
Neurons
Neurovascular unit
Permeability
Proteins
Review
Smooth muscle
Stroke
Therapy
Therapy
Stroke
Neurovascular unit
Ischemia
MicroRNAs
ISSN:1755-5930, 1755-5949, 1755-5949
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Ischemic stroke (IS), a common cerebrovascular disease, results from a sudden blockage of a blood vessel in the brain, thereby restricting blood supply to the area in question, and making a significantly negative impact on human health. Unfortunately, current treatments, that are mainly based on a recanalization of occluded blood vessels, are insufficient or inaccessible to many stroke patients. Recently, the profound influence of the neurovascular unit (NVU) on recanalization and the prognosis of IS have become better understood; in‐depth studies of the NVU have also provided novel approaches for IS treatment. In this article, we review the intimate connections between the changes in the NVU and IS outcomes, and discuss possible new management strategies having practical significance to IS. We discuss the concept of the NVU, as well as its roles in IS blood‐brain barrier regulation, cell preservation, inflammatory immune response, and neurovascular repair. Besides, we also summarize the influence of noncoding RNAs in NVU, and IS therapies targeting the NVU. We conclude that both the pathophysiological and neurovascular repair processes of IS are strongly associated with the homeostatic state of the NVU and that further research into therapies directed at the NVU could expand the range of treatments available for IS. Neurovascular unit plays a leading role in the pathophysiological process of ischemic stroke. Both cell‐based therapies and drugs targeting the neurovascular unit can fight against ischemic stroke. The entire multiple cells’ interaction framework of the neurovascular unit are worth to further study to explore the therapeutic potential of the neurovascular unit in clinical.
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Wang and Xiong are contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1755-5930
1755-5949
1755-5949
DOI:10.1111/cns.13561