Drugs for treating infections caused by non-tubercular mycobacteria: a narrative review from the study group on mycobacteria of the Italian Society of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine

Background Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are generally free-living organism, widely distributed in the environment, with sporadic potential to infect. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the global incidence of NTM-related disease, spanning across all continents and an inc...

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Vydáno v:Infection Ročník 52; číslo 3; s. 737 - 765
Hlavní autoři: Calcagno, A., Coppola, N., Sarmati, L., Tadolini, M., Parrella, R., Matteelli, A., Riccardi, N., Trezzi, M., Di Biagio, A., Pirriatore, V., Russo, A., Gualano, G., Pontali, E., Surace, L., Falbo, E., Mencarini, J., Palmieri, F., Gori, A., Schiuma, M., Lapadula, G., Goletti, D.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.06.2024
Springer Nature B.V
Témata:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Clinical trials
Drugs
Effectiveness
Family Medicine
General Practice
Humans
infection
Infectious Diseases
Internal Medicine
Italy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
mortality
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - drug therapy
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - microbiology
Non-pharmacological intervention
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria - drug effects
Patients
Review
Italy
Therapy
Side effects
Pharmacology
Clofazimine
NTM
ISSN:0300-8126, 1439-0973, 1439-0973
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Shrnutí:Background Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are generally free-living organism, widely distributed in the environment, with sporadic potential to infect. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the global incidence of NTM-related disease, spanning across all continents and an increased mortality after the diagnosis has been reported. The decisions on whether to treat or not and which drugs to use are complex and require a multidisciplinary approach as well as patients’ involvement in the decision process. Methods and Results This review aims at describing the drugs used for treating NTM-associated diseases emphasizing the efficacy, tolerability, optimization strategies as well as possible drugs that might be used in case of intolerance or resistance. We also reviewed data on newer compounds highlighting the lack of randomised clinical trials for many drugs but also encouraging preliminary data for others. We also focused on non-pharmacological interventions that need to be adopted during care of individuals with NTM-associated diseases Conclusions Despite insufficient efficacy and poor tolerability this review emphasizes the improvement in patients’ care and the needs for future studies in the field of anti-NTM treatments.
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ISSN:0300-8126
1439-0973
1439-0973
DOI:10.1007/s15010-024-02183-3